1. The Quran about Ahlul Kitab القرآن عن اهل الكتاب
By A.S. Hashim. MD

2. Who are Ahlul Kitab?
Ahlul Kitab literally means "people of the book." It refers to the Islamic belief that God revealed primarily two major books prior to Islam:
The Injeel (Gospel/Bible), and
the Tawrah (Torah).
Hence, Ahlul Kitab is "the people of the previous scriptures," i.e. the Jews and Christians.
It does not specifically refer to any particular sect within these two groups.

3. Ahlul Kitab: People of the Book

4. Revelations

5. Closeness of Muhammad to Jesus

6. God’s Names

7. إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَرَّقُوا دِينَهُمْ وَكَانُوا شِيَعًا لَسْتَ مِنْهُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ ۚ إِنَّمَا أَمْرُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ

8. …مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا… Ahlul Kitab Assured: Who Believe and do Good Works

9. …إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَكْفُرُونَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَيَقْتُلُونَ النَّبِيِّينَ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ… Ahlul Kitab Warned: Who Disbelieve and Reject

10. Belief in Revealed Books

13. When Jesus came with Clear Signs, he said:
َلَمَّا جَاءَ عِيسَىٰ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ قَالَ قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ بِالْحِكْمَةِ وَلِأُبَيِّنَ لَكُمْ بَعْضَ الَّذِي تَخْتَلِفُونَ فِيهِ ۖ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُونِ سورة الزخرف - سورة 43 - آية 63
When Jesus came with Clear Signs, he said:
"Now have I come to you with Wisdom, and in order to make clear to you some of the points on which ye dispute: therefore heed Allah and obey me.

14. Al-Taqwa

16. …ۖ وَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ ۚ انْتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَكُمْ … Ahlul Kitab Commanded: Do not Say Three in One: Desist

17. …َجَعَلَ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَدَ الطَّاغُوتَ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ شَرٌّ مَكَانًا وَأَضَلُّ عَنْ سَوَاءِ السَّبِيلِ… Ahlul Kitab Warned: …Who Behave as apes and Swine…

18. Ahlul Kitab Commended: Poetic Description of Christians
وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقْرَبَهُمْ مَوَدَّةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَصَارَىٰ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنْهُمْ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهْبَانًا وَأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ {82}
وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ تَرَىٰ أَعْيُنَهُمْ تَفِيضُ مِنَ الدَّمْعِ مِمَّا عَرَفُوا مِنَ الْحَقِّ ۖ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا آمَنَّا فَاكْتُبْنَا مَعَ الشَّاهِدِينَ {83}
وَمَا لَنَا لَا نُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَا جَاءَنَا مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَنَطْمَعُ أَنْ يُدْخِلَنَا رَبُّنَا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ الصَّالِحِينَ {84}
فَأَثَابَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِمَا قَالُوا جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَاءُ الْمُحْسِنِينَ

22. Ahlul Kitab Warned: Do not Say Three in One: Desist …
يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلَا تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ ۚ
إِنَّمَا الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ
رَسُولُ اللَّهِ
وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ
وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ ۖ
فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ ۖ وَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ ۚ انْتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَكُمْ ۚ
إِنَّمَا اللَّهُ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ سُبْحَانَهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ ۘ
لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا

23. …فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ ۖ وَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ ۚ انْتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَكُمْ ۚ… Ahlul Kitab Warned: Do not Say Three in One: Desist …

25. Ahlul Kitab: God about Jesus Performing Miracles

27. …يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَىٰ أَوْلِيَاءَ ۘ… Muslims Warned: Do not be Allies with them

29. … وَقَوْلِهِمْ إِنَّا قَتَلْنَا الْمَسِيحَ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا قَتَلُوهُ وَمَا صَلَبُوهُ وَلَٰكِنْ شُبِّهَ لَهُمْ ۚ ۘ… Jesus Christ: They Killed him not Nor Crucified him

30. Like unto their word is what those say who know not;
وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ لَيْسَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَىٰ لَيْسَتِ الْيَهُودُ عَلَىٰ شَيْءٍ {2-113} Disputation between Jews and Christians
The Jews say: "The Christians have naught to stand upon; and the Christians say: "The Jews have naught To stand upon." Yet they Profess to study the same Book.
Like unto their word is what those say who know not;
but Allah will judge between them in their quarrel on the Day of Judgment.

31. And the Jews say: Ezra is the son of God, and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of God. That is their saying with their mouths. They imitate the saying of those who disbelieved of old. Allah (Himself) fights against them. How perverse are they!

32. وَإِنَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ لَمَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكُمْ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ … سورة آل عمران - سورة 3 - آية Assured: Some of Ahlul Kitab Believe in it
And lo! of the People of the Book there are some who believe in Allah and that which is revealed unto you (Muhammad) and that which was revealed unto them, humbling themselves before Allah.
They purchase not a trifling gain at the price of the revelations of Allah. Verily their reward is with their Lord. Lo! Allah is swift to take account.
O you who believe! be patient and excel in patience and remain steadfast, and be heedful of Allah, that you may be prosperous.

33. وَلْيَحْكُمْ أَهْلُ الْإِنْجِيلِ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ ۚ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ

34. وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ آمَنُوا وَاتَّقَوْا لَكَفَّرْنَا عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ Ahlul Kitab: Assuring them
If only the People of the Scripture would believe and ward off (evil), surely We should remit their sins from them and surely We should bring them into Gardens of Delight.
[Pickthal 5:65]

35. إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالصَّابِئُونَ وَالنَّصَارَىٰ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ

36. There has come to you light from Allah and a clear Scripture
يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمْ كَثِيرًا مِمَّا كُنْتُمْ تُخْفُونَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ … سورة المائدة - سورة 5 - آية Ahlul Kitab are Called Upon
O People of the Book! There has come to you Our Messenger, revealing to you much that you used to hide in the Book, and passing over much that is now unnecessary:
There has come to you light from Allah and a clear Scripture
With it Allah guides him who will follow Allah’s pleasure into the ways of safety and brings them out of utter darkness into light by His will and guides them to the right path.

37. and none but Unbelievers reject our signs.
وَلَا تُجَادِلُوا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مِنْهُمْ ۖ … سورة العنكبوت - سورة 29 - آية Dispute with Ahlul Kitab in Gentle Manner
And do not dispute with the People of the Book except by what is best, except those of them who act unjustly,
and say: We believe in that which has been revealed to us and revealed to you, and our Lord and your Lord is One, and to Him do we submit.
And thus have We revealed the Book to you (O Muhammad). So the People of the Book believe therein, as also do some of these pagan Arabs:
and none but Unbelievers reject our signs.

38. قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَىٰ كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا… Appeal to Ahlul Kitab: Come to terms with us
Say: "O People of the Book! come to common terms as between us and you: That we worship none but Allah; that we associate no partners with him; that we erect not from among ourselves, Lords and patrons other than Allah."
If then they turn back, say you: "Bear witness that we (at least) are Muslims.

40. اتْلُ مَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ ۖ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَنْهَىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ ۗ وَلَذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَصْنَعُونَ

42. قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ. لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ
قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ. لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ. وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ

43. Finally Let us Read Surah al-Asr Together

44. Thank you and May God Bless you.
Be in Allah’s Care
Thank you and May God Bless you.
Dr. A.S. Hashim

45. Thank you and May God Bless you.
Be in Allah’s Care
Thank you and May God Bless you.
Dr. A.S. Hashim