1. March 20 Assignment Review and take notes on the following slides.
Read Frederick Jackson Turner’s Frontier Thesis --access this on Mr. Bushhouse’s website: jbushhouse.weebly.com (Unit 6, “Analyze Turner’s Frontier Thesis”) --Answer the questions in the grey boxes on a separate sheet of paper as you read.
Complete “The Turner Thesis Assessment”
At 2:00 you will answer a practice SAQ on the West
Turn in all assignments at the end of class (Turner Thesis questions, assessment, and SAQ)

2. Unit 6 Extending Manifest Destiny & its Consequences
Reading Quiz #11—Wednesday, March 21
Reading Quiz #12—Monday, March 26
Unit 6 Exam—Wednesday, March 28

3. Unit 6 Essential Question
What role should the United States play in the political, social, and economic affairs of other countries?

4. Westward Expansion vs. Imperialism?
What is imperialism?
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
Could westward expansion on the North American continent be considered imperialism? Why/why not?
Is there a reason why the term “imperialism” is not often used in this context?

5. How did settlement in the west following the Civil War influence the development of an American Identity?

7. The Last Frontier
Different groups of settlers moved west between

8. Gold Rush & Chinese Immigration
1849--Gold Rush in California
(Other metal deposits included Comstock Load, ets…)
Rapid increase in Chinese immigration--led to the Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
1st major act to restrict immigration on the basis of race and nationality

9. Federal Government & Expansion
Homestead Act (1862): Promoted settlement of the Great Plains by offering 160 acres of free public land to any person/family who farmed it for 5 years
Benefits? Drawbacks?
Morrill Land Grant Act (1862): land that states could use to establish/maintain agricultural and technical colleges
Can you think of any examples?

11. Transcontinental Railroad Complete--5/10/1869
What are the consequences? (good and bad)
Political
Social
Economic
Environmental

12. Federal Gov’t vs. Native Americans
Politicians tried to pacify tribes with treaties.
Treaty of Ft. Laramie, Tribes got $50,000 a year for 50 years in order for the gov’t to have the rights to build roads & forts on native lands
Treaty of Ft. Atkinson, Attempt to establish peace between Plains Indians and facilitate building of transcontinental RR
**Beginning of the reservation system out west**
constant warfare between Indians and federal government

13. Sand Creek Massacre--1864 Surprise attack by US troops on Cheyenne
During peace negotiations
Indians attempted to surrender but US Forces continued to attack
Killed over 200 Cheyenne tribe members
Led to increased fighting (aka Plains Wars)
Although--Natives also initiated attacks
Fetterman Massacre--indian forces defeated federal troops in Wyoming

14. Battle of Little Bighorn
General George Custer leads expedition into Black Hills (S. Dakota)
Reports Discovery of GOLD in Sioux Territory
--gold rush into Sioux territory
--Sioux attack “invaders” (Sitting Bull leader of Sioux tribe)
--Custer’s 7th Cavalry sent in to “bring peace”
Custer’s troops wiped out at Little Bighorn; all 264 killed

15. The End of the Buffalo Buffalo rapidly disappearing
Professional buffalo hunters, seeking hides
Some killed for sport, leaving carcasses to rot
Railroad companies paid sharpshooters to kill buffalo on tracks
US Army encouraged killing to force N.A. back onto reservations
million buffalo on plains fewer than 1000
The End of the Buffalo

16. A Century of Dishonor 1880’s national consciousness awakening
Helen Hunt Jackson- A Century of Dishonor
Christianize the Indians
Turn them into productive farmers
Integrate them as citizens
Assimilation
Hardliners insisted on forced containment

17. Problems with Assimilation
Christian missionaries--didn’t respect traditional culture
Ghost Dances--designed to bring unity and hope
Wounded Knee Massacre US troops attack group gathered for Ghost Dance Sitting Bull Killed 200 Lakota men, women, children killed

18. Native American Children & Assimilation
“Kill the Indian, Save the Man”

19. Dawes Severalty Act--1887
Ends reservation policy- marks shift in Indian policy Provisions
Dissolves many tribes as legal entities
Wiped out tribal joint ownership of land
Individual family heads given 160 acres of land
Full title ownership given in 25 years if behaved
Leftover reservation land sold, money used to educate and “civilize’ Indians Missionaries and teachers sent to reservations to Christianize and teach women to sew and keep house