1. NOTES: HEAT TRANSFER
Movement of thermal energy from one place to another is called HEAT
THREE METHODS of heat transfer occur in our atmosphere:
RADIATION
CONVECTION
CONDUCTION

2. RADIATION is heat transfer by rays of energy on the ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM. 
.

3. CONVECTION is heat transfer by the motion of hot and cold fluids (either gas or liquid).

4. CONVECTION:
Hot air is less
dense and rises.
Cold air is more
dense and sinks.
(Circular....
just like in
the
mantle!)

5. CONDUCTION is heat transfer by direct contact between two objects.

6. Heat transfer through the motion of gas or liquid. CONDUCTION:
CONVECTION:
Heat transfer through the motion of gas or liquid.
CONDUCTION:
Heat transfer through
direct contact (touch it and you get burned).
RADIATION:
Heat transfer through space
in the form of waves. You can
feel it with NO direct contact
(like when you feel sunlight).

7. HOW to COOK an EGG

8. The air in the troposphere is warmed mainly through RADIATION,
and cycled by CONVECTION.
(1)The sun shines on the ground, which absorbs the energy and heats up with a high-frequency wave.
(2) The ground reflects heat back up with a lower frequency wave.
(3) This wave does not have enough "power" to escape the atmosphere, so it gets trapped and warms the air.
SUN:
LAND:
atmosphere

9. Energy from the sun is transferred as ________
Some is absorbed by the THERMOSPHERE and some by the OZONE LAYER.
Some warms the ground.
Air touching the ground is heated by _________
Warm air moves around because of _________

10. "GLOBAL WARMING / Part I" Holes in the Ozone Layer
let in more harmful radiation, which would never reflect
back out of the atmosphere. . .

11. "GLOBAL WARMING / Part II" Greenhouse Gases from pollution, etc.
would keep the heat trapped in the atmosphere that came in those holes like a blanket. . .
Greenhouse Gases are Water Vapor, Carbon Dioxide, spray-can propellants, gases from living things

12. "Greenhouse Gases" (carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor)
would keep the heat trapped in the atmosphere like a blanket. . .
TOGETHER create a condition that causes Global Warming.
Greenhouse Gases are Water Vapor, Carbon Dioxide, spray-can propellants, gases from living things

13. Things that affect how the ground absorbs radiation include:
Reflective or shiny surfaces
Colors
Textures
"ALBEDO"

14. Other things that can affect absorbtion of radiation include:
Angle of incidence (the angle that the sun is shining on something)
Specific Heat Capacity, which is how much energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree. (It takes a lot more energy for water to heat up and cool down, compared to rocks and land surfaces)

15. Two things we observe in the atmosphere when heat is
transferred, are CLOUDS and WIND!

16. CFU Questions (Check for Understanding!)

17. SPECIFIC HEAT QUESTION #1:
You're forging a sculpture in Mr. 
Wilson's engineering class. Which 
material is easier to melt:
 aluminum or lead?

18. SPECIFIC HEAT QUESTION #2:
On a hot sunny day at the beach, why does the 
sand get really hot, but the water doesn't?

19. Why do HOLES IN THE
OZONE and the
GREENHOUSE GASES
work together
to make a big problem for
our atmosphere?

20. When you get an X-ray, the doctor covers you with a lead vest.
When you listen to the radio, you don't wear lead. WHY?

21. Wind blows in different directions during the day than at night. 
WHY?