1. Weather & Climate

2. What is the difference between weather and climate?
Hyperlink! To NASA site
The difference between weather and climateis a measure of time. Weather is what conditions of the atmosphere are over a short period of time, and climate is how the atmosphere "behaves" over relatively long periods of time

3. What is Weather? What is Climate? Why study climate?
To go the Weebly:
Science 10 Period 4 page
And on a piece of loose leaf, answer the following questions:
What is Weather?
What is Climate?
Why study climate?
Choose ONE article at the bottom of the page and list three interesting facts about it!

4. Earth’s Energy Balance

5. Energy can be transferred from one place to another by four methods:
1. Conduction: the transfer of energy through the collision of particles
Only occurs in solids
This is going make me sound really old but When grandma heats up a pot to make popcorn.
Atoms inside the steel of the pot start out still but as they heat up they are becoming energized they start vibrating and bouncing around and crashing into each other

6. 2&3. Convection and advection: the transfer of energy by the movement of particles in a fluid.
Note: a fluid is either a liquid (water) or a gas (atmosphere)
Focus on mediums and particles
Convection – vertical movement - Heat causes the particles to heat up and the warmer particles rise and the cooler fall… think of a hot day and a pool, think of how hot it is in your attic
Convection always transfers heat in the vertical plane. This movement is driven by variations in the medium's density and, therefore, buoyancy. Heated particles expand, causing them to decrease in density; these particles become more buoyant than surrounding particles, causing them to rise. As they rise, their heat is transferred to cooler portions of the medium located above them. Advection - An example of advection is the transport of pollutants or silt in a river by bulk water flow downstream.
This type of heat transfer is not powered by variations in density, but rather requires an outside force, such as wind or currents, to displace the particles of the medium. As the particles move horizontally into systems that are hotter or colder, heat is transferred.
Example fog.

7. 4. Radiation: transfer of energy by waves
The energy that reaches us from the Sun us by radiation!
Do not require a medium
Visible light is one example of the many forms of energy that can trvel though space.
Gamma rays and X-rays are used in the medical field. Gamma rays is used and what most people know as radiation
Infrared (IR) light is the part of the EM spectrum that people encounter most in everyday life, although much of it goes unnoticed. It is invisible to human eyes, but people can feel it as heat.
Electromagnetic spectrum is a bunch of different types of waves that travel at the speed of light.
Electromagnetic Spectrum

8. Which of the four transfer methods would you connect most with weather??

9. The portion of energy reflected depends on the albedo of the material.

10. Clean snow has a high albedo; it reflects a large portion of incoming energy.
Black soil has a low albedo; it absorbs more energy than it reflects.

11. What material would conduct heat better – water or soil and rocks?
Although water has a higher albedo it is also a better heat conductor. Water is what we would refer to as a good heat sink, meaning it can absorb energy and become warmer. Heat is conducted much quicker into water than it Is conducted into rocks and soil.
Also when we talk about a good heat sink we are in part referring to their heat capacity which is a measure of how much heat a substance requires before its temperature will increase.

12. As their name suggests, greenhouse gases act much like the roof of a greenhouse, they trap heat on Earth.
Greenhouse gases trap heat in the troposphere, the part of the atmosphere where weather occurs, and the global warming they cause affects the Earth's climate
Green house effect – the earth basically has a blanket composed of C2 N2 O2 and other gasses in the atmosphere known as green house gasses. they comprise our atmosphere and keep it warm enough so that we can live on earth.
Some light is reflected and some is absorbed. Absorbed light heats the surface of the earth, heated surface readiates infrared light back into the atmosphere where greenhouse gasses the temp pf our atmosphere.
remember when we talked about trees using CO2, well they are removing it from the atmosphere, but because we as humans burn fossil fuels at exponential rates and cut down tree we are increasing the amount of greenhouse gasses in the atmospheres and the trees cant keep up.
More green house gasses the thicker the blanket. And the warmer our planet gets.