1. THE ORIGINS OF WORLD RELIGIONS: ISLAM

2. History of Islam
A page from the Quran dating from the 8th-9th century A.D. Considered by Muslims to be the direct revelation from Allah as given to Muh. Between A.D. the Quran or Koran is the holy scripture, the source of law and educational centerpiece of Islamic society. Consisting of 114 chpaters of suras written in rhymed arabic, the Quran has remain unchanged since 652 A.D., when the Muslim caliph Uthman, established the definitive version. Its immutability and its role as the clasic expression of the Arabic language help to account for the remarkable continuity of Arabic since the 7th century. Calligraphy became highly develped art form, as seen in this text.

3. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD CONSIDERED LAST AND GREATEST PROPHET
BORN IN 570 IN MECCA
ORPHANED AT AN EARLY AGE
A Western artist’s portrayal of Muhammad, founder of Islam. Muh. Lived from about , establishing a new community in western Arabia which became the basis of an enormous empire and a world civilization. Combining spiritual power with political and military skills, Muh. United the Arabic speaking peoples of western Arabia. Muslims consider him the last and greatest prophet, bearing the message (Quran) from Allah to humankind. Although venerated, Muh. Was regarded as mortal. Careful to avoid ido worship, Muslim artists generally refrained from representing Muh. pictorially

4. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD CAMEL DRIVER AND CARAVAN TRADER
MARRIED A WEALTHY WIDOW WOMAN – KHADIJAH
HE WAS 25 AND SHE WAS 40

5. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD
WHILE PRAYING IN THE DESERT, AN ANGEL (GABRIEL) APPEARED
TOLD TO PROCLAIM ALLAH TO THE ARAB PEOPLE

6. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD HE TAUGHT THAT ALLAH WAS THE ONE TRUE GOD
*ISLAM – “SUBMISSION TO THE WILL OF ALLAH”
*MUSLIM - “ONE WHO HAS SUBMITTED”
*MONOTHEISTIC OR POLYETHESTIC?

7. CROSSROADS AND TRADE STARTED PREACHING IN MECCA IN 613
PILGRIMS CAME TO WORSHIP AT THE KA’ABA
MANY IN MECCA THOUGHT HE WOULD END THE PILGRIMMAGES TO THE KA’ABA

8. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD FEARING FOR HIS LIFE HE LEFT MECCA IN 622
HIJRAH – “FLIGHT” WENT TO “MEDINA” CITY OF THE PROPHET”
BECAME RELIGIOUS, POLITICAL, & MILITARY LEADER
The mosque at Medina, in western Arabia, showing the Green Dome where Muhammad, is buried. Medina is considered the 2nd holiest city by Muslims. It was to Medina, known at that time as Yathrib that Muh. And his follower fled ( called the Hijra) from Mecca in 622 A.D. This even heralded the establishment of an autonomous Muslim community under Muh’s leadership and is the beginning of the Islam calendar. Following two key battles with Meccan forces, Muh and his followers returned to Mecca, establishing it as the Muslim capital.

9. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD
RETURNED TO MECCA AND CAPTURED THE CITY WITH 10,000 FOLLOWERS
DESTROYED IDOLS AT KA’ABA
CALLED TO PRAYER FROM ROOF OF KA’ABA

10. THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD HE DIED 2 YEARS LATER IN 632 AT THE AGE OF 62
MANY ON ARABIAN PENINSULA HAD CONVERTED

11. *ISLAM

12. THE FAITH ISLAM QUR’AN/KORAN IS THEIR HOLY BOOK
WRITTEN ONLY IN ARABIC
SECULAR AND RELIGIOUS LAW
MOSQUE – ISLAMIC HOUSE OF WORSHIP

13. Practices of Islam
The Great Mosque at Mecca in Saudi Arabia. Muslims consider this mosque to be the center of the world, for Mecca was the birthplace of Muh, Five times a aday Muslims turn toward Mecca in pray. At least once in his lifetime, a Muslim tries to make the picgrimage (hajj) to Mecca., Annually, the city is inundated with pilgrims from all over the world. During the pilgramage, Muslim reenact certain events of Muh.’s life

14. *THE FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH
# 1 FAITH – “THERE IS NO GOD BUT ALLAH, AND MUHAMMAD IS THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH”

15. *THE FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH
# 2 PRAYER – *5 TIMES A DAY FACING TOWARDS MECCA

16. *THE FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH
#3 – ALMS- GIVING
*TO THE LESS FORTUNATE
IT IS A RELIGIOUS TAX

17. *THE FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH
#4 FASTING NO FOOD OR DRINK FROM SUNRISE TO SUNSET DURING MONTH OF RAMADAN

18. *THE FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH
#5- HAJJ OR PILGRIMAGE – AT LEAST ONCE IN A LIFETIME A JOURNEY TO MECCA
Pilgrims arriving from the hajj. Dress in white graments testifying to the equality of each believer before Allah

19. ISLAMIC WAY OF LIFE
FIVE PILLARS OF FAITH – HELP FOCUS ON ALLAH, MUHAMMAD, & POOR
MUSLIMS DO NOT SEPARATE RELIGIOUS FROM PERSONAL LIFE

20. SUNNA – MODEL FOR PROPER LIVING
ISLAMIC WAY OF LIFE
SUNNA – MODEL FOR PROPER LIVING
COMES FROM EXAMPLE SET BY MUHAMMAD

21. ISLAMIC WAY OF LIFE
*SHARIAH LAW – REGULATES FAMILY LIFE, MORAL CONDUCT, BUSINESS & COMMUNITY LIFE
COMES FROM QUR’AN AND SUNNA

22. LINKS TO JUDAISM AND CHRISTIANITY
ALLAH IS SAME AS GOD WORSHIPPED BY JEWS & CHRISTIANS
JESUS IS A PROPHET

23. LINKS TO JUDAISM AND CHRISTIANITY
ALL THREE BELIEVE IN HEAVEN, HELL, & JUDGEMENT DAY
SHAR’IA REQUIRES TOLERANCE OF JEWS & CHRISTIANS
*ALL THREE FOLLOW A CODE OF BEHAVIOR

24. LINKS TO JUDAISM AND CHRISTIANITY
ISLAMIC DIFFERENCES:
JESUS IS NOT SON OF GOD
QUR’AN IS COMPLETION OF TORAH AND BIBLE

25. LINKS TO JUDAISM AND CHRISTIANITY
*JEWS & CHRISTIANS ARE KNOWN AS “PEOPLE OF THE BOOK” TO THE MUSLIMS

28. Quick Review What does “Islam” mean in Arabic?
What do Muslims believe Muhammad was?
Towards what city do Muslims pray?
List the 5 Pillars of Islam
What system of law regulates the family life, moral conduct, business and community life of Muslims?
Why was the Hijrah important?

29. 7. What is the best Muslim model for proper living?
8. Who do Muslims consider the “People of the Book”
9. How do the 5 Pillars help Muslims submit to Allah’s will?
10. The Qur’an and what other work form the shari’a, or body of Islamic law?
11. Define Muslim
12. How are Judaism, Christianity and Islam similar?

30. Quick Review
What does “Islam” mean in Arabic? Submission to the will of Allah
What do Muslims believe Muhammad was? Last of the prophets
Towards what city to Muslims pray? Mecca
List the 5 Pillars of Islam-Faith, Alms, Fasting, Prayers, Hajj
What system of law regulates the family life, moral conduct, business and community life of Muslims? Shari’a
Why was the Hijrah important? Muhammad was accepted as a political leader in Medina

31. 7. What is the best Muslim model for proper living? The Sunna
8. Who do Muslims consider the “People of the Book”? Jews and Christians
9. How do the 5 Pillars help Muslims submit to Allah’s will? Helping them focus on Allah, Muhammad and the poor
10. The Qur’an and what other work form the shari’a, or body of Islamic law? Sunna
11. Define Muslim-one who has submitted
12. How are Judaism, Christianity and Islam similar? Believe in the same God, all three believe in Heaven, Hell and judgment day, and all 3 follow a code of behavior