1. 7x7x7 Paraphrasing Method Lesson Materials
Supporting Document:
Terry Fox Paraphrase 7x7x7 handouts
Janice GT Penner

2. Session Overview Review a 7 step process
Review “thought groups”
Review 7 paraphrase strategies
Analyze Description
Analyze good and poor
Review 7 important reminders
Apply the Strategies

3. Paraphrasing Review Discuss with a partner: What is paraphrasing?
When do we paraphrase?
Why do we paraphrase?
How do we “change the words”?
List at least 7 strategies for “how”

4. 7 Steps of Paraphrasing Put these steps in order
___ Compare the original with your paraphrase
___ Recognize source (in bracket/sentence)
__1_Be sure you understand the text and that it suits your purpose
___ Break the sentences into meaningful thought groups (AKA grammatical chunks)
___ Change the wording (see 7 strategies)
___ Cross out unnecessary info/details
___ Circle the key words/ specific vocabulary for topic

5. Answers: 7 possible Paraphrasing Steps
_6 Compare the original with your paraphrase
_7 Recognize source (in bracket/sentence)
_1_Be sure you understand the text and that it suits your purpose
_4_ Break the sentences into meaningful thought groups (AKA grammatical chunks)
_5_ Change the wording (see 7 strategies)
_2_ Cross out unnecessary info/details
_3_ Circle the key words/ specific vocabulary for topic

6. What do you know about this topic? Image Source: Terry Fox Foundation

7. Review: Thought Groups
Discuss: What are thought groups?
Task: Excerpt from “Terry’s Goals and Your Goals”
Read the sentences and put a slash (/) where you think each thought group ends.
To help you, read out loud.
Cross out the info you would NOT need if you were paraphrasing this source for a paragraph about Terry Fox.

8. Thought groups - example
Terry loved sports/ and he wanted to make his school basketball team / more than anything.
Despite his small size / his grade 8 physical education teacher /noticed “this little guy / who worked his rear off.”
What do you notice about TG?

9. Put a slash / for the thought groups Source: “Terry’s Goals and Your Goals”
After three practices his coach suggested to him that he should take on another sport Terry was determined to get better and make the team He went to school early every morning and stayed late afterwards so that he could practice.

10. In grade 12 Terry and his friend Doug Alward shared the Athlete of the Year award. Terry even went on to play basketball at Simon Fraser.

11. Suggested Thought Groups
After three practices / his coach suggested to him / that he should take on another sport / Terry was determined to get better / and make the team / He went to school early every morning / and stayed late afterwards / so that he could practice.

12. Suggested Thought Groups
In grade 12 / Terry and his friend Doug Alward /shared the Athlete of the Year award./ Terry even went on to play basketball /at Simon Fraser University.

13. Ex: Cross out unnecessary info
Terry loved sports/ and he wanted to make his school basketball team / more than anything.
Despite his small size / his grade 8 physical education teacher /noticed “this little guy / who worked his rear off.”/
After three practices / his coach suggested to him / that he should take on another sport / Terry was determined to get better / and make the team / He went to school early every morning / and stayed late afterwards / so that he could practice.

14. 7 Common Strategies: Description
Refer to handout:
7 Strategies for Paraphrasing: Description
Read the original article first (left column)
Then, read the original with the paraphrase
The bold faced words highlight the strategy.
The underlined words are KEY WORDS that needn’t be changed.
Source: Constantineau, Bruce (2013, July 4). “Terry Fox Marathon of Hope artifacts to be displayed at national museum in Ottawa.” Vancouver Sun. retrieved

15. Student Handout excerpt Common Strategies Noticing the Thought Groups (bold on handout) Using colors to indicate Thought Groups Noting the key words that needn’t be changed
1. Use Synonyms
Original
Some 200,000 artifacts from Terry Fox’s incredible Marathon of Hope have been securely stored at a nondescript Burnaby warehouse for the past two years (Constantineau, 2013).
Paraphrase
Since 2011, about 200,000 of the items Terry Fox used during the Marathon of Hope have been kept safely in a storage facility in Burnaby (Constantineau, 2013.

16. Identifying Strategies Intro
The sentences in these next 2 tasks are an introduction about Betty Fox, Terry’s mother.
It was spoken by George Stroumboulopoulos before his TV interview with her in 2010.
“If a child is a product of their parents, then Betty Fox must be a pretty amazing woman” (CBC, 2010).
source: (2010.)

17. Identifying Strategies Instructions
Read the original and put slashes (/) to identify the Thought Groups.
Read the Paraphrase
Identify and list which strategies were used.
If possible on your own handout, use color to help you analyze the two texts.
Students work on hard copy. For debriefing, the suggested analysis follows each slide.

18. Identifying Strategies Example
Original: “Thirty years ago, her son Terry, captivated the nation with his ‘Marathon of Hope’ running across Canada to raise money and awareness for cancer research” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: Canadians were fascinated when Terry, Betty Fox’s son, ran across the country in his ‘Marathon of Hope’ to get attention and money for cancer research three decades ago (CBC, 2010).

19. Example Suggested Analysis
Changed order of ideas
Time
Changed expression of numbers
Thirty years ago  three decades ago
Word Forms
Running across Canada  ran across the country
Synonyms & idea/word order
to raise money and awareness  get attention and money

20. 1. Identifying Strategies
1. Original: “Terry said, ‘We can find a cure if we really try.’ It was a public campaign, but a personal mission” (CBC, 2010)
Paraphrase: Terry worked publicly to reach his personal goal of finding a cure (CBC, 2010).

21. 1. Suggested Analysis
1. Original: “Terry said, ‘We can find a cure if we really try.’ It was a public campaign, but a personal mission” (CBC, 2010)
Paraphrase: Terry worked publicly to reach his personal goal of finding a cure (CBC, 2010).
Changed direct quote to making a point
Order of ideas
Word form - find a cure –> finding a cure
public  publicly Synonym mission  goal
Combined ideas

22. 2. Identifying Strategies
2. Original: “Terry was diagnosed with bone cancer and had his right leg amputated at eighteen” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: After the doctors identified bone cancer, they removed his right leg (CBC, 2010).

23. 2. Suggested analysis Voice – passive  Active
2. Original: “Terry was diagnosed with bone cancer and had his right leg amputated at eighteen” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: After the doctors identified bone cancer, they removed his right leg (CBC, 2010).
Voice – passive  Active
Synonym - amputated  removed
Combined ideas  time clause
Deleted info - Age of 18 (optional)
isn’t as important in context because of the info in the next sentence

24. 3. Identifying Strategies
3. Original: “Three years later, on April 12, 1980, he set off on his cross-country journey from Newfoundland” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: When he was 21 years old, he started his trip across Canada from Newfoundland on April 12, 1980 (CBC, 2010).

25. 3. Suggested Analysis Order of ideas – date Expression of numbers
3. Original: “Three years later, on April 12, 1980, he set off on his cross-country journey from Newfoundland” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: When he was 21 years old, he started his trip across Canada from Newfoundland on April 12, 1980 (CBC, 2010).
Order of ideas – date
Expression of numbers
Synonyms - set off on journey started trip
Word Forms – cross-country journey  trip across Canada

26. Evaluating Paraphrases Example
Original: “He made it one hundred and forty-three days, and five thousand two hundred and eighty kilometers before he had to stop in Thunder Bay. The cancer had spread to his lungs” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: After 143 days, his lungs were hurting, so he stopped in Thunder Bay for treatment there.

27. Suggested Analysis - Example
Original: “He made it one hundred and forty-three days, and five thousand two hundred and eighty kilometers before he had to stop in Thunder Bay. The cancer had spread to his lungs” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: After 143 days, his lungs were hurting, so he stopped in Thunder Bay for treatment there.
Poor synonym – lungs hurting is not the same as cancer
Added Wrong info – does not say was treated
Deleted info – 5,280 KM is important
Good - time phrase & connecting word (so), changed numbers

28. 1. Paraphrase Evaluation
Original
“Terry died nine months later, but left an indelible mark” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase
Nine months after Terry passed away, his grade was unforgettable (CBC, 2010).

29. 1. Suggested Analysis Changed the meaning
Original
“Terry died nine months later, but left an indelible mark” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase
Nine months after Terry passed away, his grade was unforgettable (CBC, 2010).
Changed the meaning
Time is wrong - he died after nine months he stopped running. bnot 9 months a
Poor synonym – mark = impact - not grade

30. 2. Paraphrase Evaluation
Original: “He raised more than twenty-three million dollars for cancer research, and the annual Terry Fox Run has now raised more than four million dollars around the world” (CBC, 2010). Paraphrase: There is a Terry Fox Run and it raises $23 M in Canada and above $400 M in the world for cancer research every year (CBC, 2010).

31. 2. Suggested Analysis Missing source info
Original: “He raised more than twenty-three million dollars for cancer research, and the annual Terry Fox Run has now raised more than four million dollars around the world” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: There is a Terry Fox Run and it raises $23 M in Canada and above $400 M in the world for cancer research every year.
Missing source info
Changed meaning - He (in 1980) raised $23 M
$400 M was raised between 1980 and 2010 Changed Tense which added to wrong meaning

32. 3. Paraphrase Evaluation
Original: “Terry will always be a national hero, which is why many campaigned to have Betty light the Olympic flame cauldron at the Vancouver 2010 Olympic Games” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: I agree with many people that Terry Fox’s mother should have lit the fire pot at the 2010 Olympic Games because Terry is a Canadian here (CBC, 2010).

33. 3. Suggested Analysis Added Opinion
Original: “Terry will always be a national hero, which is why many campaigned to have Betty light the Olympic flame cauldron at the Vancouver 2010 Olympic Games” (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: I agree with many people that Terry Fox’s mother should have lit the fire pot at the 2010 sports competition because Terry is a Canadian here (CBC, 2010).
Added Opinion
Key words not kept  cauldron, Olympic Games
Spelling - here should be hero

34. 4. Paraphrase Evaluation
Original: That honour went to Wayne Gretzky, but Betty was one of the eight chosen to carry the Canadian flag at the Olympic opening ceremonies (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: Wayne Gretzky lit the cauldron, so Betty chose eight people to carry a flag in the 2010 Olympic Games opening ceremony (CBC, 2010).

35. 4. Suggested Analysis
Original: That honour went to Wayne Gretzky, but Betty was one of the eight chosen to carry the Canadian flag at the Olympic opening ceremonies (CBC, 2010).
Paraphrase: Wayne Gretzky lit the cauldron, so Betty chose eight people to carry a flag in the 2010 Olympic Games opening ceremony (CBC, 2010).
Changed meaning  Betty was chosen not Betty chose
Deleted important detail  A flag  Canadian flag
At the Olympic Games, there are many flags

36. Your Turn
Using the strategies, write better paraphrases for these 4 “poor” ones.

37. 7 x 7 x 7 Method 7 x 7 x7 Paraphrasing Method Summary
Refer to handout
7 x 7 x7 Paraphrasing Method Summary
Keep this summary handy
Refer to it until you “master” this skill 

38. Extension tasks - suggestions
Very Focused Sentence practice with
Self-Analysis
Guided Summary
Guided Paragraph Development
Guided Research Writing
Others?
(see last page Terry Fox Paraphrase 7x7x7 Handouts)

39. Sources CBC. (2010). The Bio. Betty Fox. www.cbc.ca/strombo/guests
Constantineau, B. (2013 July 4). Terry Fox Marathon of Hope artifacts to be displayed at national museum in Ottawa. Retrieved from
The Terry Fox Foundation (2017) “Terry’s Goals and Your Goals”. BLM P – 29. retrieved from National Lesson Plans.
Images: Terry Fox Foundation

40. www.AACE-English.com Janice GT Penner