1. Topic 11.1 Antibody production and vaccination

2. Rabies Trichinosis Leptospirosis
Most pathogens are species-specific, but some can cross species barriers.
Rabies
Trichinosis
Leptospirosis
Many diseases are caused by a jump over the species barrier. The first incidences are always hard to track, but often require some form of interaction with animals/animal matter.
In this way, it can be hard to track the first case down, in order to know what animals delivered the pathogen to humans.

3. Every organism has unique molecules on the surface of its cells.

4. Antibodies aid in the destruction of pathogens.

8. Plasma cells secrete antibodies.

9. Immunity depends upon the persistence of memory cells.

10. Fusion of a tumor cell with an antibody-producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell.
Monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridoma cells.

11. Every organism has unique molecules on the surface of its cells.

12. Check out these videos to understand the ways in which we can use the Immune System as it is in the fight against cancer.
Key Questions:
How can T-Cells be used for anti-cancer therapy?
What is the role of oncolytic viruses in current cancer therapy?
In what way is the antibody/antigen relationship a tool to use against cancer?

13. Application: Pregnancy Test Kits use monoclonal antibodies to HCG to determine pregnancy.

14. Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease.

16. Read this article if you don’t believe me.
Vaccines lead to herd immunity, and allow for the eradication of many infectious diseases.
This is why you never see anyone with any of these fantastic diseases in the developed world
Smallpox
Diptheria
Tetanus
In conclusion:
YOU CAN’T CATCH AUTISM….especially from vaccines
Or view this Info-graphic
Read this article if you don’t believe me.
Watch this video to hear
about the controversy:

17. Revision resources