1. Voyages of discovery
5.1 pgs

2. 1) European traders had a new interest: the spice trade
1) European traders had a new interest: the spice trade. Valuable spices were to be found in India, China, and the Spice Islands (present-day Indonesia.
2) Some motivations for exploring new lands were money, wealth(trading goods brings money and wealth), and to win converts for Christianity. (Turn to page 172).
3) Portugal was the first European nation to acquire an overseas empire.
The beginning

3. Portugal – A World Power
4) Around 1432, Prince Henry claimed for Portugal the Islands of Madeira and Azores in North Africa.
5) Three accomplishments of Prince Henry the Navigator:
1st European to make contact with Africa and trade for ivory, gold, and slaves
Sponsoring and training explorers in mapmaking, ship design, and navigation
Converting Muslims to Christians
6) In 1488 Bartolomeu Dias, a Portuguese captain, and his crew became the first Europeans to sail around the Cape of Good Hope, proving that it was possible to reach the Indian Ocean by sea.
Portugal – A World Power

4. Vasco da Gama and Portugal
7) Vasco da Gama confirmed Portugal’s status as a world power.
Sailed south from Portugal
Around the Cape of Good Hope and onto India
Returned with a cargo of spices
With the money from selling the spices, he bought more ships.
Returned to India for more spices
Seized ports in India and established a vast trading system
Vasco da Gama and Portugal

5. 8) Columbus, an Italian Explorer, sailed west in August 1492.
9) Columbus thought he had reached lands off the coast of China, but he actually landed on islands known today as the Bahamas.
He made three return voyages but found no traces of the Asian mainland and died thinking he had.
Dutch merchants eventually reached Asia.
Pedro Alvares Cabral from Portugal tried to reach the Indian Ocean and went too far, ending up on the east coast of South America. He is credited with discovering Brazil.
Other Explorers

6. 10) America is named after Amerigo Vespucci because America is the Latin version of Amerigo.
Vespucci sailed on four voyages between 1497 and 1504 and discovered that the lands discovered by Columbus were actually a part of a “New World.”
11) In 1519 Ferdinand Magellan launched the most ambitious voyage of discovery, which was to cross the Atlantic Ocean and find a western route to Asia.
12) The Strait of Magellan was named after Magellan.
After the voyage was complete, Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the world.
NEW DISCOVERIES

7. 13) These types of maps, Mercator projections, which project the curved surface of a globe onto a flat page, continue to be used today.
14) The magnetic compass was the most commonly used navigational tool.
Navigator’s also used a tool, the astrolabe, which determined a ship’s north-south position based on the stars, and explorers learned how to read the wind when sailing.
TOOLS

8. 1) missionary – people who encourage others to convert to a particular religion
2) circumnavigate – traveled around the world
3) cartography – the science of making maps and globes
4) caravel – small, narrow vessel with 2 or 3 masts and triangular sails
VOCABULARY