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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effect of Warming Local Anesthetics on Injection Pain  Mary-Ellen Hogan, BScPhm, PharmD, Sondra vanderVaart,

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Presentation on theme: "Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effect of Warming Local Anesthetics on Injection Pain  Mary-Ellen Hogan, BScPhm, PharmD, Sondra vanderVaart,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effect of Warming Local Anesthetics on Injection Pain 
Mary-Ellen Hogan, BScPhm, PharmD, Sondra vanderVaart, MBA, PhD(c), Kumar Perampaladas, BSc, MSc, Márcio Machado, MSc, PhD, Thomas R. Einarson, MSc, PhD, Anna Taddio, MSc, PhD  Annals of Emergency Medicine  Volume 58, Issue 1, Pages e1 (July 2011) DOI: /j.annemergmed Copyright © 2011 American College of Emergency Physicians Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Flow of studies selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. IPA, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts; CCRT, Cochrane Central Register of Trials; CINAHL, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature; RCT, randomized controlled trial. Annals of Emergency Medicine  , e1DOI: ( /j.annemergmed ) Copyright © 2011 American College of Emergency Physicians Terms and Conditions

3 Figure 2 Forest plot for studies grouped by presence and absence of buffering. Annals of Emergency Medicine  , e1DOI: ( /j.annemergmed ) Copyright © 2011 American College of Emergency Physicians Terms and Conditions

4 Figure 3 Forest plot for studies grouped by location of anesthesia.
Annals of Emergency Medicine  , e1DOI: ( /j.annemergmed ) Copyright © 2011 American College of Emergency Physicians Terms and Conditions

5 Figure 4 Forest plot for studies grouped by anchoring scale with pain from needle. Annals of Emergency Medicine  , e1DOI: ( /j.annemergmed ) Copyright © 2011 American College of Emergency Physicians Terms and Conditions

6 Figure 5 Funnel plot of studies in meta-analysis.
Annals of Emergency Medicine  , e1DOI: ( /j.annemergmed ) Copyright © 2011 American College of Emergency Physicians Terms and Conditions

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