1. Newspaper Assignment

2. Chapter 7 Pg
Life in Upper Canada

3. Important Vocabulary Words
Moderate – a person who does not hold extreme opinions
Radical – holding extreme opinions; wants fundamental social, economic, and political changes
Treason – the crime of betraying one’s country

4. Government in Upper Canada
Two major political groups in Upper Canada were:
The Tories (led by the Family Compact)
The Reformers (wanted political reform)

5. Government Structure
Looking at the government structure chart on pg. 153; discuss with your partner why might it be unfair for the people living in Upper Canada.

6. Family Compact (Tories)
Small group of powerful people (similar to the Chateau Clique)
Defended tradition and opposed change
Did not like Americans and did not want them in government
Believed power should be in the hands of a few
Church of England (Protestant) should be powerful
Most were of Loyalists descent. They supported British system
Held political positions in the Legislative and Executive Councils

7. The Reformers
Unlike the family compact “the Reformers” wanted change in Upper Canada.
They opposed the power of the Family Compact
They were divided among radical and moderate groups
Angry about the Family Compacts attitude towards Americans
They wanted to create change in government and society of Upper Canada (similar to that of the United States)
The Reformers included people who would later take part in the rebellion.

8. The People of Upper Canada
Fill in the chart on pg.2 of your worksheet for your assigned person
Share with 2 people

9. Bishop John Strachan Born in Scotland
Fought against Americans in the War of 1812
Powerful spokesman for the Family Compact
By the 1820`s, he and his Family Compact friends controlled the government of Upper Canada
He became the 1st Bishop of Toronto

10. Robert Gourlay
He was a reformer who immigrated from Scotland and wanted to bring poor people from Britain to Upper Canada to farm
Gourlay spoke with local farmers about problems and difficulties. He encouraged farmers to meet and discuss their problems
Angry that the Church and Government owned most of the farmland in Upper Canada
The Family compact felt Gourlay was a threat and put him in jail
He was later thrown out of Upper Canada in 1819

11. William Lyon Mackenzie
He was reformer (from Scotland) who used his newspaper (Colonial Advocate) to speak out about the problems experienced by farmers and the power of the Family Compact
He was elected into the Legislative Assembly and spoke out against the Family Compact. Mackenzie was expelled from Leg. Assembly 6 times, but re-elected back every time
He became more radical and participated in the armed rebellion in an attempt to destroy Upper Canada’s system of government

13. Sir Francis Bond Head
Was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada in 1835 and was welcomed by the Reformers
Reformers felt betrayed by Bond
The Legislative Assembly refused to work with Bond, which resulted in a freeze in funds
Bond ordered an election and personally fought for the Tories. They won and he defeated the Reformers

14. Election Violence
Election violence was common during the 1830s. There was no secret ballot like today. Instead people shouted their choice which usually resulted in shouts and insults. Voters often threw stones and swung clubs at one another.

15. Armed Rebellion (Upper Canada)
Mackenzie wanted to take advantage of the political unrest. He rode to the countryside and found people to support his cause
The Reformers wanted Upper Canada to have a government similar to United States.
The Rebellion was a failure and Mackenzie escaped to the United States, where he tried (unsuccessfully) to raise an army to liberate Upper Canada. He later came back to Canada and was elected to the Legislative Assembly
Two rebels were hung for the crime of treason

16. Gourlay’s Advertisement in britain

19. Results of the Rebellions
Lower Canada ended up worse (temporarily) after the rebellion
The Legislative Assembly was suspended for 4 years
In Upper Canada, people were afraid to speak out about change because they might be accused of being a radical (rebel)
The British sent Lord Durham to be BNA`s Governor General and to investigate the causes of the rebellions and to suggest solutions to the problems (NEXT CHAPTER)

21. CHAPTER 7 QUIZ (COMING SOON!!!)