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Natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysms

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1 Natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysms
Gregory A. Kuzmik, BA, Adam X. Sang, BA, John A. Elefteriades, MD  Journal of Vascular Surgery  Volume 56, Issue 2, Pages (August 2012) DOI: /j.jvs Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2 Fig 1 Selected pedigrees of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) patients, demonstrating multiple inheritance patterns and levels of penetrance. Recent discoveries of novel loci underlying familial TAAs supplement our understanding of the proportion of TAAs that are genetic. Reproduced with permission from Albornoz et al.9 Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3 Fig 2 Effects of aortic aneurysm size on risk of complications for the (A) ascending and (B) descending aorta. Reproduced with permission from Coady et al.13 Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

4 Fig 3 Relationship between wall stress and aortic size in ascending aortic aneurysms. The bars show wall stress at blood pressures of 100 mm Hg (dark bars) and 200 mm Hg (light bars). The dashed lines represent maximum tensile strength of aortic tissue. Reproduced with permission from Koullias et al.30 Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

5 Fig 4 Kaplan-Meier survival after elective surgery, medical management, and emergency surgery. Reproduced with permission from Davies et al.18 Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

6 Fig 5 Convergence of several molecular mechanisms of aneurysm formation. Candidate medical therapies target many of these mechanisms in principle, although clinical benefit has yet to be demonstrated for all of these candidates for general aneurysm management. ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; AT1, angiotensin 1; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; NADH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; NADPH, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TGF, transforming growth factor. Reproduced with permission from Danyi et al.41 Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

7 Fig 6 Kaplan-Meier curves are shown for survival free of the composite end point of death, rupture, dissection, or aneurysm repair for 649 patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms stratified according to statin intake. The table at the bottom shows the number of patients at risk. Reproduced with permission from Jovin et al.40 Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2012 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

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