1. CELL GROWTH & REPRODUCTION

2. Why are cells so small?
Small cells are efficient because they have a smaller surface to volume ratio
Exchange of oxygen, food and waste across the membrane is more efficient in small cells

3. Cell Vocab To Know DNA- genetic material
Chromatin= loose DNA, like pasta
Chromosomes = condensed chromatin, they form when cell is ready to divide, look like an X
Chromosomes are made up of 2 sister chromatids held together in the middle by the centromere

4. The Life of a Cell
Cell Cycle = sequence of growth & division of a cell
1. Interphase
2. Cell Division
Mitosis
Cytokinesis

5. 1. Interphase Cell grows, majority of a cell’s life. Has 3 parts:
G1: Cells grow and makes proteins
S: Chromosomes containing DNA are replicated (copied)
G2: Cell prepares for division

6. 2. Cell division Mitosis- cell division
creates 2 daughter cells w/ identical DNA
Divided into 4 phases
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

7. Purple Monkeys Attacking Tokyo
PMAT
Purple Monkeys Attacking Tokyo

8. 1. Prophase Chromatin thickens and forms into visible chromosomes
Nuclear Envelope & Nucleolus break down
Centrioles (poles) at opposite ends of cell start sending out spindle fibers (fingers) between them

9. 2. Metaphase Chromosomes line up in the center of the cell
Spindle Fibers attach to the centromere of each chromosome and pulls them in the middle

10. 3. Anaphase
Sister chromatids are pulled to the opposite ends (poles) of the cell

11. 4. Telophase Nuclear Envelope & Nucleolus re-form
Chromosomes appear as chromatin again
Mitosis ends
2 daughter cells with identical DNA

12. Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm Cleavage (pinch) in animal cells
Cell Plate (new wall) in plant cells

13. 30 Seconds 10 Time’s Up! 3 Minutes 1 Minute 4 Minutes 1 2 5 2 Minutes
Bellringer Tue, 11/24
Please list the 4 phases of mitosis. PMAT!
A chromosome is made up of__________
Reminders: LAB FEE
NOW! HW #12 due Wed!
30 Seconds 10
Time’s Up!
3 Minutes
1 Minute
4 Minutes 1 2 5
2 Minutes 8 9 7 6 4 3

14. Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase