2. The Theory of Evolution Video Clip – Isn’t Evolution just a Theory?

4. Evolution The theory that species change over time
A change in the genetic make-up of a population over a period of time.

5. Misconceptions Individuals do NOT evolve! Populations evolve.
Evolution occurs at conception when new combinations of DNA are made.
The only role you have left in evolution will be when you have children.

6. Evidence for Evolution
Indirect & Direct Evidence
Indirect Evidence: Evidence for evolution by observing the history of the Earth
“Indirect” = not seeing a creature change before our eyes, but studying change over millions of years

7. Examples of Indirect Evidence
1. Fossil Record
2. Comparative Anatomy
Homologous structures
Analogous structures
Vestigial structures
3. Comparative Embryology
4. Biogeography

8. 1-Pager (pgs )
Label the top of the drawing paper - “Indirect Evidence of Evolution”
Fold paper into 4 sections
For each type of indirect evidence:
Describe how this evidence supports the theory of evolution (include key vocab)
Give an example of what is meant by each topic
Draw a picture to represent the topic or example given

9. 1-Pager (pgs. 423-428) Title: Indirect Evidence for Evolution
For each type of evidence:
Describe the Evidence
Give an example
Draw a related picture
Define 3 vocab words on back of paper

10. Indirect Evidence for Evolution

11. Fossil Record Dating Fossils
The Law of Superposition: oldest fossils found at bottom and newest on top
Radioactive Carbon Dating: C14 can be used to age fossils

12. Comparative Anatomy Homologous structures:
A common limb that has evolved to perform a different function.
Ex: Bird wing, human arm, whale fluke all have similar bone structure
*Same structure different function

13. Analogous structure:
Different structures that perform the same function
Ex: Bird wing vs. fly wing
*Different structure, same function

14. *Other examples: appendix & coccyx
Vestigial structures: A structure that is reduced in function (snake hips)
*Other examples: appendix & coccyx

15. Wisdom Teeth

16. Comparative Embryology:
Comparing the embryos of different species can give clues to evolutionary relationships.

18. Biogeography Study of the distribution of plants and animals on Earth
Life & where life is found
Example:
Island species most closely resemble species on the nearest mainland

20. Direct Evidence for Evolution
Evidence of evolution that one can visually observe over time
(a.k.a Microevolution)

21. 1. Observations in Nature
Peppered Moth

22. Adaptations
Favorable traits that make an organism more likely or “fit” to survive
Traits are controlled by genes

23. Examples of Adaptation
Camouflage – blending in
Peppered moth
Mimicry – an individual gains an advantage by looking like the individuals of a different species
Monarch is poisonous and Viceroy is not

25. 2. Changes in Genetic Make-up
The organism whose genetic make-up will aid in its survival will reproduce and pass on those traits

26. Example
Taking antibiotics will kill most of the bacteria causing you a problem.
If just 1 bacterium is resistant to the antibiotics (different genetic make-up), it will survive and reproduce more bacteria resistant to the antibiotic…
They have evolved!!