1. PLMR Calibration Valerio Paruscio Dr Jeff Walker University of Melbourne

2. Outline Admissible error in brightness temperature measurement Available data for calibration Calibration options and recommendation

3. Model Sensitivity Assessment How accurate has the Brightness Temperature measurement to be in order to have a Moisture content error less than 4%? Hypothesis: Roughness = 0.2 SS Albedo = 0.05 Soil Type = Silt clay loam

4. Variables: Moisture Content (0.05-0.4) %v/%v Vegetation Water Content (0 3)kg/m 2 Soil Temperature (280 315)K Incidence Angle (0 40) Model Sensitivity Assessment How accurate has the Brightness Temperature measurement to be in order to have a Moisture content error less than 4%?

5. Graphs Tb sensitivity

6. 1.32.2 H polarization error (K) V polarization error (K)

7. Critical scenarios High value of Vegetation Water Content High Incidence Angle Dry Soil Max Tb error permitted = Most common scenarios Low value of Vegetation Water Content Max Tb error permitted = Commonly Tb error up to 8K can be tolerated 4.7K (Hpol) 2.7K (Vpol) 2.2K (Hpol) 1.3K (Vpol)

8. Available data for calibration Box pre and post flight (~300K) actual measured

9. Available data for calibration Box pre and post flight (~300K) Sky pre and post flight (~5K) actual measured

10. Box and Sky Brightness Temperature Pre flight Box Pre flight Sky Post flight Sky Post flight Box

11. Available data for calibration Box pre and post flight (~300K) Sky pre and post flight (~5K) Water in flight (~110K) actual measured

12. Temperature and Conductivity spatial series

13. Temperature and Conductivity time series

14. Transect–Buoy data comparision

15. Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Thermal Infrared data over the lake Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri

16. Available data for calibration Box pre and post flight (~300K) Sky pre and post flight (~5K) Water in flight (~110K) Sky in flight (~5K) actual measured

17. Available data for calibration 1.Box pre flight (~300K) 2.Sky pre flight (~5K) 3.Water in flight (~110K) 4.Sky in flight (~5K) 5.Box post flight (~300K) 6.Sky post flight (~5K) actual measured

18. Calibration options 6 points (all) 4 points/2 points (box & sky from the ground) 3 points (box and water)

19. Calibration lines (6 beams, 2 polarizations)

20. Check the 4 pt calibration with water ponit H polV pol

21. Check the 3 pt calibration with in flight sky ponit V polH pol

22. Variation in Tb measurement passing from the 4 points cal to the 3 points cal

23. Time series of slope & offset (4 pts) From 4 pt

24. Variation in Tb measurement passing from the 4 points cal to the 2 points cal

25. Error using a unique 4 pt calibration instead of a daily one

26. Conclusion Recommendation this campaign V pol 4 pt daily H pol 4 pt daily (or unique) next campaign V pol 4 pt daily, 3 pt(?) H pol 4 pt/2 pt daily (or unique)