1. Magnetic Force

2. Review yesterday… Static electricity
Remember that electrons can move around inside an object to create a more positive side or a more negative side.
We have explored a force for the past few days that acts at a distance.
What was that force?
Static electricity
Notice that the spheres are not touching – static electricity is an “at-a-distance” force.

3. Other At-A-Distance Forces?
Turn and talk for 15 seconds Are there any other forces you can think of that act without touching?
Today’s Topic… MAGNETISM

4. Refresh your memory from Elementary….
What materials will be attracted by a magnet?

5. Watch as your teacher performs some magic
Or click on this video to see the magic
(watch only 2 minutes)

6. Can you explain this diabolical motion?
Very strong magnets, like this one made from a rare Earth element called Neodymium, are attracted to the slight difference in charge of a water molecule, with hydrogens on one end and oxygen atoms on the other end. When a magnet is brought close to a grape, it makes those little water molecules spin, and this spinning makes the whole grape move!
Turn and talk – 30 seconds
It’s all about the water in the grape

7. Now check out a compass…
Ask yourself questions then answer them with mini-experiments to figure out how it works. (If you already know how it works, guide your group to some good questions.) For example…

8. For example…
CAUSE You might do a little mini- experiment holding the compass in three different positions to see where the needle can move freely. EFFECT Then write down your observations of how the compass reacts. Finally, write an inference which answers your original question, based on your observations.
You might notice that the needle thingy in the middle is sitting in some liquid. You might ask the question, “Does the compass have to be held level to work?”

9. GO !
Conduct 3 mini-experiments observing cause and effect. Write them down on your observation worksheet.

10. Explain (give your inferences)

11. The compass works using magnetism, right?
What would happen if a magnet was brought close to the compass? Go check it out! Write down your inferences.

12. Why? MAGNETIC FORCE Remember Newton’s 1st Law?
The needle will stay at rest unless an unbalanced force comes along, so the magnet must be using some invisible, at-a-distance force.
MAGNETIC FORCE
Why do you think magnets make the compass go all wonkey, and not point to north anymore?
Turn and talk – 15 seconds
That’s right – the force of attraction of the magnet is stronger than the force of attraction of Earth.

13. Expand your knowledge of magnets…
Click on the picture to launch the video

14. Now discuss..
Lodestone is made of a mineral now called magnetite.
Original compasses were made from a material called lodestone. The Greeks discovered that if the loadstone was suspended, the pointy pieces would all point the same way. They called this way “north.” Lode anciently meant “to lead,” so a lodestone led the course for ships.
You may have seen polished pieces of magnetite for sale.

15. Tasks: Tape in your worksheet
Complete your exit ticket: A compass works by using __________ force. This forces comes from _________ and acts ____ ____ _____________.