1. Exponential Form
A form of writing the product of a factor that repeats
Base: The base is the factor being repeatedly multiplied
Exponent: The exponent is a small number written to the right of the base and raised a half space. It indicates the number of bases being multiplied.
Base
Exponent (or power)
How to say it.
Exponent: 2 – squared or “ to the second power”
3 – cubed or “to the 3rd power”
4 – to the fourth power
etc.
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2. Procedure: To evaluate a number in exponential form
Step 1: Rewrite as repeated multiplication.
Step 2: Multiply the repeated multiplication’s.
Example 1. a) Evaluate 34
b) Evaluate 52
Solutions:
Your Turn Problem #1
a) Evaluate 53
b) Evaluate 72
Answers:
125 49
A number with an exponent of “1” is simply equal to the number
Exponents of One and Zero.
A number with an exponent of “0” is equal to 1. It doesn’t make too much sense right now. The explanation will come later once we have learned a few algebra tools.
Your Turn Problem #2
a) Evaluate 40
b) Evaluate 121
Answers: 1 12

3. Order of Operations Agreement
Multiplication and division come before addition and subtraction unless placed within parenthesis. Then there are exponents. When are they to be simplified? To keep it all straight, it is imperative that you memorize the following-- the complete Order of Operations Agreement. Please note the first letter of each step.
Procedure: For Order of Operation
Step 1: Parentheses: perform operations inside parentheses or other grouping symbols Step 2: Exponents: simplify (evaluate) exponential notation expressions
Step 3: Multiply or divide as they appear from left to right
Step 4: Add or subtract as they appear from left to right
It is advisable to use a mnemonic device ) a memory trick) to help you memorize. A commonly used acronym is PEMDAS (Parenthesis, Exponents, Multiply, Divide, Add and Subtract), or Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally.
From now on in algebra, when you are asked to “simplify” remember to use the Order of Operations Agreement (PEMDAS). In simplifying, work vertical; for each step recopy the entire problem. For each line of the problem, perform only the step being performed in the Order of Operations.
Please note, in most problems, where you are to simplify, not all operations appear. Perform the operations, that do appear in order, but skip the operations that do not appear

4. Example 3. a) Simplify: 13 + 2  3
b) Simplify: (12 –7)
Step 1. Parentheses: None
Step 2 Exponents: None
Step 3. Multiplication or Division
13 + 6
Answer: 19
Step 4. Addition & Subtraction
Step 1. Parentheses
Step 2 Exponents: None
Step 3. Multiplication or Division
4 + 3(5)
Answer: 19
4 + (15)
Step 4. Addition & Subtraction
Answers:
Your Turn Problem #3
Evaluate the following.

5. Step 1. Parentheses. No operations to perform in the parentheses.
Step 2. Exponents.
8 – 5 + 9
Answer: 12
3 + 9
Step 3. Multiplication or Division: none.
Step 4. Addition & Subtraction: left to right.
Step 1. Parentheses.
Step 2. Exponents.
Step 3. Multiplication or Division: left to right
Answer: 54
Your Turn Problem #4
Evaluate the following.
Answers:

6. 1st perform the operations within the parentheses
1st perform the operations within the parentheses. 2nd, perform the operations within the brackets.
Answer: 19
Answer: 22
Your Turn Problem #5
Evaluate the following.
Answers:
The End
B.R.