1. Learning
A relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience

2. Behaviorism 3 general assumptions
- simple associations are the building blocks of all learning
the laws of learning are the same for all species
- learning can be best understood in terms of the environmental and external rather than than internal or intentional ones

3. Associative Learning Learning that two events occur together
Our minds naturally connect events that occur in sequence
Two main types:
Classical
Operant

4. Classical or Pavlovian Conditioning
We learn to associate two stimuli

5. Operant Conditioning
We learn to associate a response and its consequence

6. Classical Conditioning
The learning process that involves repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with a response-producing stimulus until the neutral stimulus elicits the same response

7. Principles of Classical Conditioning
Extinction
gradual weakening or diminishing of a CR
usually occurs when a UCS does not follow a CS
for a response to continue you must occasionally reintroduce the US

8. Principles of Classical Conditioning
Spontaneous Recovery
reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished CR

9. Principles of Classical Conditioning
Generalization
tendency for stimuli similar to CS to elicit similar responses
Discrimination
The learned ability to distinguish between the CS and similar stimuli

10. Classical Conditioning
Phobias
a persistent, irrational, and sometimes excessive fear in the absence of real danger that results in the avoidance of specific objects or situations
often the result of classical conditioning
Counter Conditioning
a form of behavior modification that replaces a particular response to a stimulus by establishment of another, often different, response