1. Bill Harrison 2009 Connecticut Chapter March 12, 2009

2. Challenges Energy – cost and availability Food – cost and availability Protecting the environment

3. ASHRAE 52,000 members in 130 countries 170 chapters in 24 countries Associate Societies in 32 countries 2500 members active on committees

4. Energy Cost and availability IEA: $100 / Barrel till 2015; $120 till 2030 End use in developed economies Buildings – 40% Transportation 28% Industry 32% Coal and oil primary energy sources 45% Growth between 2006 and 2030

5. Food Cost Energy driven costs Spoilage Availability Cost and spoilage Foodstock diversion Refrigeration – large energy consumer

6. Environment Buildings use 70% of electricity Extensive emissions from generation Water use for generation 45% Emissions growth 2006 to 2030

7. Energy Waste A Real Problem… A Real Opportunity

8. Sustainability for ASHRAE Energy Efficiency And Healthy and Productive Indoor Environments

9. Improved Operating Strategies Energy Systems Lab - Texas A & M – Save 10% to 40% energy World Energy Forum: 17% Internal rate of return for energy efficiency upgrades Not product centered Software and expert knowledge focused Limited knowledge distribution

10. Improved Operating Strategies Lack of standardization Minor changes use major energy Wrong incentives for operators No training programs

11. Chilled Water Plant Strategies Rightsizing equipment Variable Primary Pumping Optimized condenser water Temperature Flow Thermal storage Model energy - track energy Periodic re-commissioning

12. Energy Conserving Strategies Envelope testing Pressure tests Infrared Scans Return to design conditions Scheduling review

13. Operator Training Local chapter program Local chapter program HVAC fundamentals HVAC fundamentals High performance products and systems High performance products and systems 1980s training produces 1980 results 1980s training produces 1980 results

14. The Cost of Owning HVAC Capital costs Utility costs Repair costs Replacement costs Maintenance costs

15. Maintenance Plans ASHRAE Guideline 4 – 2008 Preparation of Operating and Maintenance Documentation for Building Systems CIBSE Guide M – 2008 Maintenance Engineering and Management Must include energy budgets and energy reporting

16. Maintenance Strategies Develop proper documentation ASHRAE Guideline 4 Keep equipment clean Dont accept dirty equipment Maintenance management software Monitor energy use In house / outsource Training capabilities

17. Sustainability Challenge Six of top ten energy measures under control of architects Six of top ten energy measures under control of architects Integrated Building Design process essential Integrated Building Design process essential Communication - collaboration Communication - collaboration First Cost mentality First Cost mentality Engineers: evil enablers Engineers: evil enablers

18. Owner Organizations Building Owners and Managers Association Building Owners and Managers Association International Facility Management Association International Facility Management Association APPA – The Association of Higher Education Facility Executives APPA – The Association of Higher Education Facility Executives

19. Owner Issues Life Cycle Costing Life Cycle Costing Equipment room sizing Equipment room sizing Engineers need to deliver energy message Engineers need to deliver energy message Energy cost implications Energy cost implications Building Commissioning Building Commissioning

20. 0 0%100% Source Energy Savings (%) Total Annual Costs ($/year) Lease Costs (or Finance Costs) utility bills cash flow 1 2 The Path to a Net Zero Building

21. 0 0%100% Source Energy Savings (%) Total Annual Costs ($/year) Lease Costs (or Finance Costs) utility bills cash flow 1 2 3 The Path to a Net Zero Building

22. 0 0% 100% Source Energy Savings (%) Total Annual Costs ($/year) Lease Costs (or Finance Costs) utility bills cash flow 1 2 3 4 The Path to a Net Zero Building

23. Energy Terms Energy Use Intensity: BTU/Sq. Ft./Year Site versus Source Plug and process loads CBECS: Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey Net zero energy building: a building which on an annual basis, produces as much energy from renewable sources as it consumes

24. Reference Sources US Department of Energy www.energy.gov National Renewable Energy Laboratory Great case studies www.nrel.gov EPA www.epa.gov ASHRAE www.engineeringforsustainability.org

26. High Performance Building Design Energy Modeling Building Narrative

27. High Performance Building Design A larger budget for planning and design produces lower construction costs and lower operating costs

28. ASHRAEs Role Net zero design guidance by 2015 Building Energy Labeling AEDGs to reduce energy in existing buildings Affordable and maintainable refrigeration systems Efficient refrigeration systems

29. ASHRAE Chapter Actions Schedule a meeting with local owner organizations Integrated Building Design High performance design costs more Keep your Green Buildings Green Get comfortable with building energy benchmarks: Whats your EUI? Walk the talk – how is your building being operated?

30. The Buildings Business Largest user primary energy Improved building operations 10% to 40% energy savings Local educational programs by ASHRAE chapters Keep our green buildings green

31. World Population Growth 2008 - 6,700,000,000 2050 – 9,200,000,000 Growth: 2,500,000,000

32. Per Capita CO2 Emissions World: 4.3 Metric tons/person OECD Nations: 11 Metric tons/person USA: 19 Metric tons/person Grow from 2 t0 6 Americums 2009 30 Billion metric tons 2030 42 Billion metric tons

33. Atmospheric CO2 Levels Pre-industrial: 280 PPM 2007: 380 PPM 2050 Business as usual: 580 PPM Can we afford to take a chance?

34. The Cost of Being Green Energy Efficiency - $170 Billion Smart Grid - $8.6 Trillion Energy Storage - $180 per Megawatt hour Carbon Capture and Sequestration - $ ??? $450 - $600 Billion per year until 2030 Priced carbon emissions - $??? Estimates for global mitigation from Green Investing - 2009 WEF

35. The Cost of Being Green 2006 Global Emissions: 28,000,000,000 MT 2006 USA Emissions: 5,700,000,000 United States Share: 20% Global cost of mitigation: $10,500,000,000,000 US Share: $2,100,000,000,000 What is the cost of taking energy out of buildings?