1. JFK hears news of Patrice Lumumba’s murder

2. Cyrille Adoula was being prepped to take over civil government in Leopoldville…while Gizenga had Stanleyville.

3. August 28th 1961, UN launches Operation Rumpunch, occupied post office and radio stations in
Elizabethville (Katanga).

4. Katangese gendarmes with white mercenaries in 1962
September 14th 1961, US consul said it seems the Belgians have declared war on the UN.

5. September 16th 1961, Kennedy does NOT want to support UN efforts to subdue Katanga
Meanwhile, Hammarskjöld was trying to get a ceasefire.

6. White Rhodesians are more involved in the Congo

7. Hammarskjöld’s plane mysteriously crashes, killing him and everyone else on board.

8. U Thant (UN leader) attacks roadblock set up by Katanga & increases his reinforcements. Wants US equipment, but not necessarily US men.

9. December 19th 1961, meeting at Kitona…Tshombe falters on agreements

10. October 18th 1962, Adoula goes back on the ceasefire…Kennedy gets mad, wants to figure out how to get US involved.

11. December 19th, 1961 – Tshombe proposes scorched earth over reconciliation with Congo. Anti-Kennedy protests in Katanga.

12. US heavily supplies UN…January 14th 1963, Tshombe and his ministers agree to stop the secession.

13. Cuban-Exiles become mercenaries and work with Mobutu’s troops…some even share facilities with the UN.

14. Cuban military advisors support guerilla trained Congolese

15. Mobutu captures South Kasai, Tshombe forced to flee to Rhodesia.

16. November 1964, rebels take over Stanleyville and take several hundred European hostages…Johnson airlifts 500 Belgian paratroopers to rescue them.

17. November 25th 1965, Mobutu overthrows civilian government and with the help of the CIA, established a military dictatorship.

18. Congo Today