1. Hazard distribution - why
WORLD AT RISK

2. WHY?
Looking at geophysical hazards, why do they only occur in very specific locations?
The Earth is made up of several layers, geophysical hazards are concerned the movement of the lithosphere.

3. Different types of plate margin

4. Types of plate boundary
There are 4 different plate boundaries
DESTRUCTIVE
2. CONSTRUCTIVE
3. COLLISON
4.TRANSFORM
What geophysical hazards to we associate with each boundary?

5. Plate boundaries Divergent Extensional or Constructive
Plates are moving apart from each other
Earthquakes are usually shallow and have a magnitude of less than 8.0
They are found beneath oceans, where magma from the lithosphere can well up into the void created and lead to the formation of underwater volcanoes

6. Plate boundaries Convergent Compressional or Destructive
Plates are moving towards each other
Results in the formation of ocean trenches, volcanic mountain ranges, earthquakes and volcanic island arcs

7. Plate boundaries Collision
Collision plate boundaries occur when the two plates moving together are both continental crust.
As continental crust cannot sink or be destroyed then the land between them is buckled and pushed upwards to form high fold mountains.

8. Plate boundaries Transform
Occur where two plates are sliding past each other
The location of some of the world’s largest earthquakes

9. Why?

10. Hazard hotspots
From the World Banks analysis they discovered that more than ½ the worlds population live in an area that could be affected by at least one hazard. But some places live in danger of more than one

11. Exam question
Explain why volcanic hazards are common in the Philippines but not on the Californian coast.
(5 marks)

12. Exam question