1. C-Notes: Cell Cycle (Cell Division of Body Cells)
Stnd: 2a
C-Notes: Cell Cycle (Cell Division of Body Cells)
12/11/2013
Objective:
SWBAT identify mitosis in the cell cycle as the results in 2 daughter cells with identical sets of chromosomes.

2. What is the need of reproduction of cells?
It is necessary for the continued survival of a particular group of organisms.
All cells arise from other cells by cell division.
When cells grow to a certain size they must either divide or die.
If a cell continued to grow without dividing, the surface area of the cell would become too small to hold the cell’s contents.
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3. What is Cell Division?
a complex series of changes in the nucleus of a cell that leads to the production of two new cells.
The 2 new cells are called daughter cells.
The nuclei (nucleus) of the daughter cells are usually identical to each other and to that of the parent cell.
The daughter cells grow and increase in size until they divide and produce two more daughter cells.
This process continues, resulting in an organism growth and reproduction.
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4. What are the stages of the Cell Cycle?
Interphase – Growth Phase (Preparation)
Mitosis – Cell division of the nucleus
Cytokinesis –Cell division of the Cytoplasm
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5. What happens during Interphase?
(1st stage Cell Cycle)
The period between cell divisions.
During interphase, the single-stranded chromosomes (DNA) replicate (make an extra copy).
The chromosomes can not be seen during interphase.
3 stages of Interphase:
G1 phase - the cell grows in size.. 
S (Synthesis) phase - the cells DNA replicates 
G2 phase – cell continues to grow and carries out protein synthesis and other cellular functions
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6. Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Photographs from:

7. What happens during Mitosis?
(2nd Stage of Cell Cycle)
a complex series of changes in the “nuclei” of body cells that produces two identical (same) daughter cells from a single parent cell.
The daughter cells have the same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cells.
Mitosis is divided into 4 phases:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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9. What happens during Prophase?
(1st stage of Mitosis)
Nuclear envelope (membrane) begins to disappears
Double stranded DNA coils up into chromosomes (becomes Visible)
Spindles Apparatus, consisting of fibers, forms from the Centrioles from opposite poles (ends)
Nuclear envelope
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10. Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles
Photographs from:

11. What happens during Metaphase?
(2nd stage of Mitosis)
Chromosomes moves towards the middle and line-up at the equator (midline)
Nucleus has disappeared completely
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12. Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Photographs from:

13. What happens during Anaphase?
(3rd stage of Mitosis)
Double-stranded chromosomes splits at the centromere (middle) and move to opposite poles (ends) of the cell.
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14. Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Photographs from:

15. What happens during Telophase?
(Last stage of Mitosis)
Nuclear envelope (membrane) reappears by forming around each set of chromosomes, forming 2 identical nuclei
b. Chromosomes uncoil back to chromatin
c. Spindles attached to the chromosomes begin to dissolved (disappear)
d. Cytokinesis begins (division of cytoplasm to create 2 new daughter cells)
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16. Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Photographs from:

17. What happens during Telophase?
(Last stage of Mitosis)
Nuclear envelope (membrane) reappears by forming around each set of chromosomes, forming 2 identical nuclei
b. Chromosomes uncoil back to chromatin
c. Spindles attached to the chromosomes begin to dissolved (disappear)
Cytokinesis begins (last stage of the cell cycle)
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18. What happens during Cytokinesis?
(Last stage of the Cell Cycle)
division of cytoplasm to create 2 new identical daughter cells
Results in one cell becomes two identical daughter cells
2 types of Cytokinesis (different in plants and animals):
Plant cells: cell plates forms at the center of the cell and form 2 new daughter cells
Animal cells: cleavage furrow forms a ring at the center by pinching the middle of the cell and forming 2 new daughter cells.
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Cleavage Furrow
Cell Plate

19. The Cell Cycle

20. IPMATC I Pray More At The Church Interphase Prophase Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
I Pray More At The Church

21. Animal Mitosis -- Review
Interphase                                                             
Prophase                                                             
Metaphase                                                             
Anaphase                                                             
Telophase                                                             
Cytokinesis                                                             

22. Plant Mitosis -- Review
Interphase                                                             
Prophase                                                             
Metaphase                                                             
Anaphase                                                             
Telophase                                                             
Cytokinesis