1. The Colonies Come of Age
Chapter 3

2. Objectivies:
Explain the economic relationship between England and its American colonies
Describe how tensions arose between England and the colonies
Summarize how salutary neglect of the colonies after 1688 planted the seeds of self government

3. England and It’s Colonies
England and It’s Colonies Prosper
England sought to improve it’s wealth and power though it’s colonies
Colonies provide materials not found it England
Tobacco, lumber, raw materials
Colonies gave England a ready market for the goods it did produce
Irons utensils, books, china
Goal is to make England self-sufficient

4. The Navigation Acts
England feared that the direct trade between the colonies and other countries threatened it’s hold of colonial resources
Trade with the colonies could only be done using colonial or English ships
Crews on ships had to be 75% English or colonial
Certain products could only be shipped to England
All exports between the colonies and Europe had to be unloaded at an English port

5. Tensions Emerge Crackdown in Massachusetts
Puritan leaders did not believe the Navigation Acts applied to them
As punishment, King Charles II revokes the Puritans corporate charter and turns Mass. into a royal colony
Massachusetts will be given back it’s charter less than 10 years later after a bloodless revolution in England

6. England Loosens the Reins
Salutary Neglect
Although England does attempt to strengthen it’s control over colonial trade by adding to the Navigation Acts, it makes little attempt to enforce the new measures
England felt that by relaxing it’s enforcement of the Nav. Acts it would make the colonist more loyal.
As long as raw materials were being shipped to England and the colonies continued to purchase English goods the English Parliament did not think in necessary to supervise the colonies closely

7. The Seeds of Self-Government

8. The Agricultural South
Chapter 3, Section 2

9. Objectives:
Trace the development of a plantation economy in the American South
Explain the way of life in the Southern colonies
Describe the slave trade and the role of slavery in the plantation economy
Describe life for colonial slaves

10. A Plantation Economy Arises
Southern colonies primarily develop as self-sufficient, rural societies
large plantations did not require services that towns would provide

11. Life in Southern Society
A Diverse and Prosperous People
Small farmers make up the majority of Southern population
Plantation owners controlled the South’s political and social institutions
Many Southern colonists prospered during the mid 1700s due to tobacco exports

12. Daily life consisted mainly of chores in or around the house
The Role of Women
Second class citizens
Can not vote or own property
Daily life consisted mainly of chores in or around the house
Indentured Servants
Many became indentured servants to escape prison or debt
Make up a large portion of the population
Numbers decline toward the end of the 1600s

13. Slavery Becomes Entrenched
The Evolution of Slavery
After failing to meet their labor needs with enslaved Native Americans and indentured servants the English colonists turned to African slaves
1690 – 13,000 slaves
1750 – 200,000 slaves

14. Africans slaves suffered greatly on their voyage to the colonies
The Middle Passage
Africans slaves suffered greatly on their voyage to the colonies
20% die during the trip

15. Slavery in the South
80-90% of slaves worked in the fields
10-20% worked as domestic slaves or artisans
Slaves worked from about the age 12 until their death
Slaves are subjected to mistreatment and abuse

17. Africans Cope in Their New World
Culture and Family
Slaves must adapt to a new language and culture
Despite this slaves are able to keep some of their old culture alive
Arts
Music
Dance
Stories

18. Many slaves attempt escape
Resistance and Revolt
Many slave did resist
Fake illnesses, break tools, work slowdowns
Stono Rebellion
About 20 slaves with weapons kill several planter families
Lasts less than 1 day
Those slaves not killed during recapture were executed
Many slaves attempt escape

19. The Commercial North
Ch 3, Section 3

20. Objectives:
Trace the development of a varied and thriving ecomony in the North
Explain the diverse society of the North and the tensions that led to witchcraft trials in Salem
Summarize the influence of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening

21. Industry Grows in the North
Economies of the colonies were growing twice as fast as the economy of England
A Diversified Economy
North produced a diversity of crops and animals
Wheat, corn, cattle, hogs
Produce more than they need
Commercial production
Fishing, logging, shipbuilding, iron goods
By 1770s had built 1/3 of all British ships and was producing more iron goods than England did

22. Expansion in trade cause port cities to grow
Urban Life
Expansion in trade cause port cities to grow
Boston, Philadelphia, New York
Problems in the cities
Scarce firewood and fresh water, poor garbage disposal, little sanitation, fast spread of disease, poverty

23. Northern Society is Diverse
Influx of Immigration
During the 1700s approx. 585,000 immigrants from Europe migrated to America

24. Slavery is present in the North
Slavery in the North
Slavery is present in the North
Still considered property
Had higher legal standing
Still considered less than human
No protection from cruel treatment
Laws forbade them from gathering together
Slaves did revolt in the North as well

25. Women in Northern Society
Similar to Southern women
Had little legal rights
Widows and single women could own business
Religion served to keep women under the rule of their husbands

26. The Colonists Consider New Ideas
The Enlightenment
A period of time defined by the use of reason and scientific method
Observable evidence

27. A religious movement that sought a return to the Puritan code
The Great Awakening
A religious movement that sought a return to the Puritan code
1740s and 1750s
Different denominations gain membership
Increased interest in learning

28. The French and Indian War
Ch 3, Section 4

29. Objectives
Trace the development of the French – British colonial rivalry
Summarize the French and Indian War
Explain the war’s effects on the relationship between Britain and its colonies

30. Rivals for an Empire Britain and France were competing world powers
France’s North American Empire
Begun its N.A. empire in 1534 with the exploration of the St. Lawrence River
First permanent settlement in Quebec established in 1608
French explorers penetrate central N.A.
Name entire river valley Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV

31. French not interested in settling N.A.
Interested in trapping and trading
French develop economic and military ties with Native Americans bands

32. Britain Defeats an Old Enemy
1754 French build Fort Duquesne where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers meet
Virginia governor sends militia to remove French
Washington role
British defeat at Fort Necessity marks the beginning of the French and Indian War

33. Early French Victories
A year after defeat Washington returns with British general Edward Braddock and 1500 British soldiers
French and Native American allies ambush the British
British turned and fled
Colonists start to see British as vulnerable

34. Pitt and the Iroquois Turn the Tide
William Pitt sets out to create the largest and best equipped military in N.A.
Iroquois join up with the British
1759- British attack Quebec and defeat the French
1763- Treaty of Paris officially ends the war

35. Victory Brings New Problems French loss impacts the Native Americans
British settle west of Appalachian Mountains
Native Americans attack British forts
British retaliate
Small pox
Proclamation of 1763
Weakened British authority

37. The Colonies and Britain Grow Apart
Problems Resulting From the War
Large number of British troops remain in N.A.
Angered many colonists
Britain’s growing national debt
Debt double during the coarse of the war

38. Grenville Angers Colonists Sugar Act-1764
Halves duty on foreign-made molasses
Placed duty on imports not previously taxed
Smugglers will be tried British court by a single judge
Judges get 5% of any cargo confiscated from convicted smugglers
Colonists feel Parliament has no right to tax them because they had no elected representatives in Parliament

39. Two Views Collide
Conflicts of taxation and government
Colonists see British military in a different light