1. Bone growth 2 directions – length and width
Interstitial growth- lengthwise growth
–chondrocytes in the epiphyseal.plate produce new cartilage, replaced in the diaph. by bone
--will continue until growth stops (hormones, genes, etc. tell it to stop). Epiph. and Diaph. will fuse, epiph. line forms in the bone where epiph. plate used to be
Appositional growth- inc. in width.
--Osteoblasts in periosteum deposit new bone tissue at the same time osteoclasts destroy bone tissue in the medullary cavity.

5. Joints/Articulations
Junction between 2 or more bones
3 Categories of Joints
Immovable
Semi-movable
Freely movable

6. Immovable/Synarthroses
Dense conn tissue holding them together
Bones that closely contact each other
EX: skull sutures
epiph plate

7. Semi-immovable/Amphiarthroses
Slight movement
Cartilage between
EX: pubic bone
Vertebral discs

8. Freely Movable/Synovial/Diarthroses
Synovial fluid- lubricates, nourishes and prevents friction
Articular capsule - covers joint and contains fluid
Art. discs between cartilage-shock absorbers

9. Ball and Socket
round head of one bone moves in cuplike cavity of another
EX: hip [femur/acetabulum] shoulder [humerus/glenoid fossa]

10. Condyloid/ Ellipsoid
Variation on a ball and socket except the shape is more OVAL; not a complete rotation
EX: metacarpal and phalanx

11. Gliding Sliding, back and forth and twisting movement
Flat , curved surfaces
EX: wrist [carpals] ankle [tarsals]

13. Hinge Convex surface of one bone fits in concave surface of another
EX: elbow [humerus/ulna],
phalanges

14. EX: skull on top of Cervical vertebrae [atlas and dens]
Pivot
Cylindrical surface of one bone rotates in the ring formed in another bone
EX: skull on top of Cervical vertebrae [atlas and dens]

15. Saddle
Bones that contain both concave and convex regions that fit complementary
EX: Thumb [1st metacarpal and carpal]