1. South China Sea Dispute
Group6, Day5
Mickey, Grace, Vivian, Rebecca, Thayana

2. When- timeline
Year
Events
1947~
China makes its South China Sea territorial claims with a U-shaped line made up of 11 dashes on a map, covering most of the South China Sea.
China which took over in 1949, sent 2 of the dashes to Vietnam make it a 9-dash line.
1982
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea(UNCLOS) is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982.
The agreement defines the rights and responsibilities of nations with respect to their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources.
1984
1996
Philippines joined the convention in 1984.
China joined the convention in 1996.
U.S. has never joined it.

3. When- timeline Year Events 1997~
The uninhabited reef, known as Huangyan Island in China, is 230 kilometers (145 miles) off the Philippines and about 1,000 kilometers (600 miles) from China.
Since 1997, Philippine and China all claim that they own the Huangyan reef’s sovereignty, so Philippine and China had conflict for it many times.
2009
China submits its 9-dash line map to the United Nations, stating it "has indisputable sovereignty over the islands in the South China Sea and the adjacent waters." The submission came in response to applications by Vietnam and Malaysia for recognition of extended continental shelves, which would give them resource rights. The Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia protest the Chinese claim.

4. When- timeline
Year
Events
2013
The Philippines brings its dispute with China to the Permanent Court of Arbitration in The Hague.
2015
The arbitration panel in The Hague rules in October that it has jurisdiction over at least seven of the 15 claims raised by the Philippines.
A hearing on the merits of the claims is held in November.
China does not participate.
July 12, 2016
The Permanent Court of Arbitration rules that China has no legal basis for claiming much of the South China Sea and had aggravated the regional dispute with its land reclamation and construction of artificial islands that destroyed coral reefs and the natural condition of the disputed areas.
The Philippines, which sought the arbitration ruling, welcomed the decision, and China rejected it outright.

5. Why the issue important
Sovereign rights
Freedom of navigation(US, Japan, Australia)
Economic interests--Oil and natural gas under the waters
Conflict in the region could affect the world positons

6. Where- location
A map from shows the approximate territorial claims in the South China Sea.
Notes
This chart doesn't include claims by Brunei. The Philippines has not recently challenged China or Taiwan over the Macclesfield Bank.Credit: Stephanie d'Otreppe/NPR

7. Who- claims ownership of the South China Sea
The sea, which covers 3.5 million square kilometers, borders so many countries: Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines, Vietnam, Taiwan, and China.

8. Major trade flows in the South China Sea

9. Current situation
Philippines highly relies on China’s economy.
Philippines accepts to begin the process of negotiating with China.
US and Japan want China to follow the South China Sea arbitration.