1. Worldwide Push for Geothermal Power & other Renewable-Green Energies
M. Ali Khan

3. Contents What is Geothermal? World’s Largest Field - O&G Operations
Geothermal World Wide Trend
What is in it for Major Oil Co’s
Other Topic

4. What is Geothermal? Geo = Earth Thermal = Heat
Source:

5. Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
(USGS)
Source:

6. The Geysers

7. Field Summary Area 16 x 6 km = 64 sq km Wells
460 Steam Wells, 75 Injection Wells
Average Well Depth
2,500 m
Average Caprock Depth
1,200 m
Bottom Hole Temperature
300/250oC
Reservoir Pressure
500 psi /150 psi
Cumulative Steam Produced
2.4 trillion kg
~398 million bbls
Steam Production (2009)
59 billion kg
Injection (2009)
42 billion kg
Electricity Produced (2009)
7.6/6.9 (gross/net) million megawatt hrs

8. Rapid Steam Production Decline
The Problem
Rapid Steam Production Decline

9. The Solution
Illustration courtesy of Northern California Power Agency

10. Steam Production is Stabilized
The Results
Steam Production is Stabilized

11. Incremental Electricity
Southeast Geysers

12. NCGs & Effluent Injection

13. Injection & Induced Seismicity
>1.5 (ML)
EQ Count/yr

14. Induced Seismicity
, >1.5 (ML)

15. Mass Replacement Status

16. Caprock
1,700 psi
1,200 m
Reservoir
150 psi

17. Downhole Electric Generator
Courtesy of NCPA

18. Geothermal Blowout?
Two drilling rigs at The Geysers

19. Rapid Steam Production Decline
The Problem
Rapid Steam Production Decline

20. Reservoir with many Straws (Dryout, Superheat)

21. California Rule of Capture
Lease
Boundary

22. Superheat - Dryout P T P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 x Z Ideal Gas Non-Ideal Gas

23. A Steam Well

24. An Injection Well

25. A Power Plant

26. Motion Sensor Camera is on!
Say Cheese…
Motion Sensor Camera is on!
Thank you!

27. Recent Geothermal News
PLN to call tenders for 10,000 MW, pub: 09/02/10
Damascus holds renewable-energy conference, pub: 6/4/2010
Tata Power draws plans for geothermal foray, 28/3/2010
Kenya signs $300 m loan for energy with Japan, 3/30/2010
China would build a 2,000 MW solar thermal project
The Dora-2 plant, with a capacity of 11.5 MW, 1/29/2010
US DOE Award for National Geothermal database

28. Geothermal of Different Shades
Direct Use
Solar In Turkey
Fishery and Greenhouses
Low Temperature Resources
Produced Waters from O&G
Enhanced Geothermal Systems(EGS)

29. Download Papers/PowerPoint
FlushtoFlash.com
Pakistanli.com
Fishery and Greenhouses
Low Temperature Resources
Produced Waters from O&G
Enhanced Geothermal Systems(EGS)

30. Data Reduction

31. Data Reduction Live
Run Data Reduction

32. Conclusions Pakistan Geothermal Potential? Wind-Solar-Biomass
O&G Related Geothermal
Pak Govt. –Renewable Energy Cell
Aid/Collaboration w/ others