1. MODS

2. SOCIAL CONTEXT
In the 1950s, Queen Elizabeth II reigned in the UK. At the same time, Winston Churchill was the Prime Minister. The economic climate was stable. Consequently, there were good conditions for working class youths so they could buy cheap motorcycles. In the 1960s, there were many riots with rockers in the South. There was racial prejudice and violence namely at the Notting Hill riots. Besides, mass immigration took place from the West Indies, India and Pakistan. In the UK media, Mods were a symbol of delinquency.
Queen Elizabeth II
Notting Hill riots in 1959

3. ORIGINS
Mods came from the working class and were white youths. They emerged in the late 1950s and in the early 1960s, in London or in new towns in the South of England. "Mods" was a short name for " modernists". It was a reference to the modern jazz style. Moreover, it was inspired by Beatniks and Teddy Boys.
London in the 1960s
The working class

4. APPEARANCE
Mods were stylish and sophisticated. They wore modern Italian and French clothes so fashion was an obsession. They had short haircuts.
Boys wore clothes such as drainpipes trousers, thin ties,V-neck jumpers, military parkas and bowling shoes.
Girls loved short, colourful dresses, miniskirts and men's trousers or shirts. They had short haircuts and little makeup although they wore flat shoes and boots.
Mods’ appearance
Mod girls’ fashion

5. Conflicts with Rockers
WAY OF LIFE
Mods drove scooters such as Vespas or Lambrettas. They liked dancing and going to night clubs. They were fond of shopping in Carnaby street. Besides, they had conflicts and fights with rockers. They used weapons namely bike chains and knives.
Vespas in London
Conflicts with Rockers

6. MUSIC
In the 1950s, Mods listened to sophisticated modern jazz such as Dave Brubeck, Bo Diddley, and Muddy Waters. However, in the 1960s, they listened to Ska music. They enjoyed listening to British bands namely The Who, The Yardbirds and The Kinks.
Dave Brubeck
The Kinks
The Who
Bo Diddley

7. Bibliography By Léa and April BACK Texts: Mrs Lavaud, May 2018 Photos:
Fights with rockers, The Argus
American Mods, bySimrita Dhillon, the button bloghttps://simritadhillon.wordpress.com/2016/01/13/the-mod-movement-a-super-cool- british-subculture/
Notting Hill riot, by Gordon Rayner, The Telegraphhttps:// Cochranes-killer-is-named-in-book-on-notorious-Notting-Hill-race-murder.html
Queen Elizabeth II, by Everett, Fine Art America
Mod Girls In Style, ATI
Mods, Le Bonbon
Strike, by Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images, In These Timeshttp://inthesetimes.com/features/debate_socialism_organizing_working_class.html
Vespas Mods, Le Bonbon
Dave Brubeck, Piano Attitude
Bo Diddley, Discogs
The Kinks, Qobuz
Vespas, Vintage Everyday
By Léa and April
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