1. CHAPTER 6
 FOOT

2. LATERAL TALUS
IND: Inversion ankle sprain, excessive pronation, pain anterior to lateral malleolus, lateral collateral ligament pain at the ankle (Anterior Talofibular Ligament).
PP: Supine or prone.
DP: At foot of table.
CH: Dr.'s third finger is placed over the lateral anterior margin of the talus. (CH is same side as involved foot)
IH: On posterior aspect of calcaneus.
LOC: Laterae to medial torque while simultaneously thrusting toward the Dr.
MOD: Traction is placed on the calcaneus to separate it from the talus prior to the thrust by the CH.

3. DM: Muscles involved in excessive pronation.
1. Tibialis Posterior
2. Peroneus Longus
3. Tibialis Anterior
4. Flexor Digitorum Longus
5. Flexor Halucis Longus
6. Abductor Hallucis
7. Soleus
8. Gastrocnemius
9. Foot Intrinsics

4. 교정법
LATERAL TALUS

5. 교정법2
LATERAL TALUS

6. 교정법3
LATERAL TALUS

7. 관련근육 Tibialis posterior O: 경골후면측부
I:navicular bone의 tuberosity ,cuboid,cuneiform,2,3,4 중족골
N:경골신경
A:plantar flexes, inverts foot

8. 관련근육 Peroneus longus O: 비골의 측면 상 2/3
I:medial cuneiform bone의 측면, 제1중족골의 base
N:천비골신경
A:plantar FLEXES, EVERTS FOOT.

9. 관련근육 Tibialis anterior O: tibia의 lateral condyle
I:medial cuneiform bone, 제1중족골 base
N:심비골신경
A: foot dorsiflexion, foot invert

10. 관련근육 Flexor Digitorum Longus O: tibia의 lateral condyle
I:medial cuneiform bone, 제1중족골 base
N:심비골신경
A: foot dorsiflexion, foot invert

11. 관련근육 Flexor Halucis Longus O: fibula shaft의 후방 아래 2/3
I:great toe 의 원위지 base
N:tibial n.
A: great toe 의 굴곡l

12. 관련근육 Abductor Hallucis O: calcaneus의 tuberosity
I:medial side of base of proximal pharynx of great toe
N: N:medial plantar n.
A: abducts great toe

13. 관련근육 Soleus O: tibia의 후상방, fibula의 상후면 I:calcalneus의 후면 N:tibial n.
A: plantar flexes foot

14. 관련근육 Gastrocnemius O: 대퇴 후방 내외측 condyle I:calcaneus의 후면 N:tibial n.
A: plantar flexes foot, knee에서 leg flexes.

15. ANTERIOR TALUS
IND: Pain at anterior aspect of ankle, inversion sprain that occurs with plantarflexion, exostosis of the dorsal talo-navicular articulation, excessive pronation.
PP: Supine.
DP: At foot of table.
POC: Dr.'s hands interlocked with third fingers over anterior portion of the talus with elbows pointing down.
LOC: Anterior to posterior andtoward the Dr.
MOD: Wrist and elbows snap down and toward Dr. with a scooping motion.

16. DM: All muscles involved in excessive pronation with particular involvement of:
1. Tibialis Anterior
2. Extensor Digitorum Longus

17. 교정법
ANTERIOR TALUS

18. 관련근육 Tibialis anterior O: tibia의 lateral condyle
I:medial cuneiform bone, 제1중족골 base
N:심비골신경
A: foot dorsiflexion, foot invert

19. 관련근육 Extensor digitorum longus O: 비골의 전면 상 2/3 I:4개의 측방 toe 발등부위
A:extends toes, dorsiflexes and inverts foot.

20. LATERAL CUBOID
IND: Inversion sprain, lateral longitudinal arch pains, excessive pronation.
PP: Supine.
DP: At foot of table on involved side.
CH: Medial hand thumb is placed on lateral aspect of cuboid.
IH: CH thumb is placed between thenar and hypothen or pads of opposite hand.
LOC: Lateral to medial
MOD: Hands are placed between thighs and the thrust is given with the thumb of the CH as well as a squeezing motion of the thighs.

21. DM: Inversion sprain: Peroneus longus, brevis, and tertius.
Muscles involved in excessive pronation.

22. 교정법1-1
LATERAL CUBOID

23. 교정법1-2
LATERAL CUBOID

24. 교정법2
LATERAL CUBOID

25. 관련근육 Peroneus longus O: 비골의 측면 상 2/3
I:medial cuneiform bone의 측면, 제1중족골의 base
N:천비골신경
A:plantar FLEXES, EVERTS FOOT.

26. 관련근육 PERONEUS BREVIS O: 비골의 측면 하 2/3 I:제5중족골의 base 측면 N:천비골신경
A:everts, plantar flexes foot

27. 관련근육 Peroneus tertius O: 비골전방 하1/3, interosseous membrane
I:제5중족골 base의 dorsal surface
N:심비골신경
A: dorsiflexes and everts foot.

28. INFERIOR CUBOID
IND: Lateral longitudinal arch pains, excessive pronation or supination.
PP: Prone.
DP: At foot of table.
CH: Pisiform contact at plantar aspect of the cuboid.
SH: The fifth metatarsal is tractioned distally.
LOC: Inferior to superior.
MOD: The fifth metatarsal is tractioned prior to the adjustment.

29. DM: Same as Lateral Cuboid.

30. 교정법1-1
INFERIOR CUBOID

31. 교정법1-2
INFERIOR CUBOID

32. 교정법2
INFERIOR CUBOID

33. 관련근육 Peroneus longus O: 비골의 측면 상 2/3
I:medial cuneiform bone의 측면, 제1중족골의 base
N:천비골신경
A:plantar FLEXES, EVERTS FOOT.

34. 관련근육 PERONEUS BREVIS O: 비골의 측면 하 2/3 I:제5중족골의 base 측면 N:천비골신경
A:everts, plantar flexes foot

35. 관련근육 Peroneus tertius O: 비골전방 하1/3, interosseous membrane
I:제5중족골 base의 dorsal surface
N:심비골신경
A: dorsiflexes and everts foot.

36. POSTERIOR CALCANEUS
IND: Tarsal tunnel syndrome, excessive pronation, pain inferior and slightly posterior to the medial malleolus.
PP: Prone.
DP: On side of involvement.
CH: Web of Dr.'s hand at the posterior aspect of the calcaneus.
IH: Stabilization to the dorsal aspect of the foot.
LOC: Posterior to anterior.
MOD: Thrust comes down from elbow through forearm into web of hand while simultaneously following through with knee flexion.

37. DM: All muscles involved in excessive pronation with particular involvement of:
1. Peroneus Longus
2. Tibialis Posterior
3. Flexor Digitorum Brevis

38. 교정법
POSTERIOR CALCANEUS

39. 교정법2
POSTERIOR CALCANEUS

40. 관련근육 Peroneus longus O: 비골의 측면 상 2/3
I:medial cuneiform bone의 측면, 제1중족골의 base
N:천비골신경
A:plantar FLEXES, EVERTS FOOT.

41. 관련근육 Tibialis posterior O: 경골후면측부
I:navicular bone의 tuberosity ,cuboid,cuneiform,2,3,4 중족골
N:경골신경
A:plantar flexes, inverts foot

42. 관련근육 Flexor digitorum brevis O: calcaneus의 tuberosity I:2-5 족지 중간지의 측면
N:medial plantar n.
A: 근위부 족지 굴곡(2-5), 원위부 족지 신전

43. INFERIOR-MEDIAL NAVICULAR
IND: Medial longitudinal arch pains, excessive pronation, inversion/eversion ankle sprains.
PP: Prone.
DP: At foot of table.
IH: Dr.'s lateral hand grasps dorsum of foot hooking second and third fingers on inferior medial aspect of the navicular.
CH: Pisiform is placed over second and third fingertips.
LOC: Inferior to superior with medial to lateral thrust.
MOD: Traction with Stabilization hand and thrust using the pisiform contact.

44. DM: 1. Tibialis posterior
2. Peroneus Longus
3. Abductor Hallucis
4. Flexor Halucis Longus
5. Flexor Digitorum Longus
6. Tibialis Anterior

45. 교정법1-1
INFERIOR-MEDIAL NAVICULAR

46. 교정법1-2
INFERIOR-MEDIAL NAVICULAR

47. 교정 법2
INFERIOR-MEDIAL NAVICULAR

48. 관련근육 Tibialis posterior O: 경골후면측부
I:navicular bone의 tuberosity ,cuboid,cuneiform,2,3,4 중족골
N:경골신경
A:plantar flexes, inverts foot

49. 관련근육 Peroneus longus O: 비골의 측면 상 2/3
I:medial cuneiform bone의 측면, 제1중족골의 base
N:천비골신경
A:plantar FLEXES, EVERTS FOOT.

50. 관련근육 Abductor Hallucis O: calcaneus의 tuberosity
I:medial side of base of proximal pharynx of great toe
N:medial plantar n.
A: abducts great toe

51. 관련근육 Flexor Halucis Longus O: fibula shaft의 후방 아래 2/3
I:great toe 의 원위지 base
N:tibial n.
A: great toe 의 굴곡l

52. 관련근육 Flexor Digitorum Longus O: tibia의 lateral condyle
I:medial cuneiform bone, 제1중족골 base
N:심비골신경
A: foot dorsiflexion, foot invert

53. 관련근육 Tibialis anterior O: tibia의 lateral condyle
I:medial cuneiform bone, 제1중족골 base
N:심비골신경
A: foot dorsiflexion, foot invert

54. INFERIOR METATARSAL OR TARSAL
IND: Arch pain, ankle sprain, trauma, excessive pronation or supination.
PP: Prone.
DP: At foot of table.
POC: Double thumb contact on inferior tarsal or metatarsal bone.
LOC: Inferior to superior.
MOD: A double thumb contact is made on the plantar aspect of the involved listing and a thrust is made with a snapping motion.The thrust is made prior to complete plantar flexion to avoid injury.

55. DM: Muscles involved in excessive pronation.

56. 교정법1
INFERIOR METATARSAL OR TARSAL

57. 교정법2
INFERIOR METATARSAL OR TARSAL

58. INFERIOR DISTAL METATARSAL
IND: Callus formation, pain of sole of foot, excessive pronation.
PP: Supine.
DP: At foot of table.
CH: Thumb on plantar aspect of distal metatarsal.
IH: Grasping the phalanges of involved metatarsal.
LOC: Inferior to superior.
MOD: Traction the phalanges distally, then thrust inferior to superior with the thumb at the distal plantar aspect of the metatarsal

59. DM: Abductor hallucis (transverse head)
DM: Abductor hallucis (transverse head). All muscles involved in excessive pronation.

60. 교정법
INFERIOR DISTAL METATARSAL

61. 관련근육 Abductor Hallucis O: calcaneus의 tuberosity
I:medial side of base of proximal pharynx of great toe
N:medial plantar n.
A: abducts great toe

62. SUPERIOR PROXIMAL METATARSAL OR TARSAL
IND: Trauma, pain on dorsum of foot, inversion sprain resulting in a superior first metatarsal, pronation syndrome with superior first and fifth metatasals, and excessive supination.
PP: Supine.
DP: At foot of table facing Pt.
CH: Dr.'s medial hand contacts superior bone with proximal or medial phalanx of third finger. The humb stabilizes the plantar aapect of the foot.
IH: The third finger is placed on top of the CH's third finger and the rest of the fingers interlock with the thumb on the plantar aspect of foot.

63. LOC: Superior to inferior.
MOD: Remove any inversion or eversion, traction, and thrust toward the Dr.
DM: Muscles involved in excessive pronation or inversion sprain.

64. 교정법
SUPERIOR PROXIMAL METATARSAL OR TARSAL

65. HALLUX ABDUCTO VALGUS (Lateral Deviation of the Big Toe)
IND: Bunions, excessive pronation, a visual appearance is possible.
PP: Supine.
DP: At foot of table
CH: Grasp big toe with third and fourth fingers along the plantar and lateral aspect.
The second finger is placed along the medial side of the foot.
IH: On dorsum of CH.

66. LOC: Lateral to medial and toward the Dr.
MOD: Traction, remove the valgus deviation and thrust toward the Dr.
DM: Abductor Hallucis. muscles involved in excessive pronation

67. 교정법
HALLUX ABDUCTO VALGUS

68. 관련근육 Abductor Hallucis O: calcaneus의 tuberosity
I:medial side of base of proximal pharynx of great toe
N:medial plantar n.
A: abducts great toe

69. MEDIAL-INFERIOR TALUS
IND: Eversion ankle sprain, trauma, Deltoid ligament pain.
PP: Supine.
DP: At foot of table.
CH: Dr.'s lateral hand using the third finger contacts the medial anterior aspect of the talus.
SH: Posterior aspect of the calcaneus.

70. LOC: Medial to lateral torque while simultaneously thrusting toward the Dr.
MOD: Traction is placed on calcaneus to separate it from the talus with the SH prior to the thrust by the CH.
DM: 1. Tibialis Anterior
2. Tibialis Posterior

71. 교정법
MEDIAL-INFERIOR TALUS

72. 관련근육 Tibialis anterior O: tibia의 lateral condyle
I:medial cuneiform bone, 제1중족골 base
N:심비골신경
A: foot dorsiflexion, foot invert

73. 관련근육 Tibialis posterior O: 경골후면측부
I:navicular bone의 tuberosity ,cuboid,cuneiform,2,3,4 중족골
N:경골신경
A:plantar flexes, inverts foot

74. ANTERIOR CALCANEUS IND: Excessive supination, pes cavus.
PP: Prone with involved knee flexed.
DP: Standing, side of involvement.
CH: Inferior hand contacts the anterior plantar aspect of the calcaneus with a web contact..
IH: Stabilizes the talus, tibia and fibula.
LOC: Anterior to posterior.
MOD: Traction and thrust.

75. DM: 1. Peroneus Longus
2. Peroneus Brevis
3. Peroueus Tertius
4. Muscles involved in excessive supination.

76. 교정법
ANTERIOR CALCANEUS

77. 관련근육 Peroneus longus O: 비골의 측면 상 2/3
I:medial cuneiform bone의 측면, 제1중족골의 base
N:천비골신경
A:plantar FLEXES, EVERTS FOOT.

78. 관련근육 PERONEUS BREVIS O: 비골의 측면 하 2/3 I:제5중족골의 base 측면 N:천비골신경
A:everts, plantar flexes foot

79. 관련근육 Peroneus tertius O: 비골전방 하1/3, interosseous membrane
I:제5중족골 base의 dorsal surface
N:심비골신경
A: dorsiflexes and everts foot.

80. 참고

81. 참고