1. Pantothenic acid deficiency and toxicity
Domina Petric, MD

2. Pantothenic acid deficiency
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

3. Introduction
Deprivation of pantothenic acid results in metabolic impairments, including reduced lipid synthesis and energy production.
Signs and symptoms of pantothenic acid deficiency involve the skin, liver, adrenals and nervous system.
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

4. Introduction Dietary deficiencies of pantothenic acid are rare.
Deficiencies are more common in circumstances of inadequate intake of basic foods and vitamins, and are often associated with (and mistakenly diagnosed as) deficiencies of other vitamins.
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

5. General signs Organ system/function Signs Appetite Decreased Growth
Vital organs
Hepatic steatosis, thymic necrosis, adrenal hypertrophy
Dermatologic
Dermatitis, achromotrichia, alopecia
Muscular
Weakness
Gastrointestinal
Ulcers
Nervous
Ataxia, paralysis
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

6. Pantothenic acid antagonists
Ѡ-methylpantothenic acid
desthio-CoA
hopantenate
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

7. Deficiency signs
Neurologic signs: paresthesia in the toes and sole of the feet.
Depression, fatigue and insomnia.
Vomiting, muscular weakness and gastrointestinal disturbances.
Changes in glucose tolerance, increased sensitivity to insulin and decreased antibody production.
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

8. Excretion
Urinary pantothenic acid excretion has been found to be low for pregnant women, adolescents and the elderly compared with the general population.
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

9. Pantothenic acid toxicity
II.
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

10. Pantothenic acid toxicity
The toxicity of pantothenic acid is negligible.
Massive doses (10 g/day) have not produced reactions more severe than mild intestinal distress and diarrhea.
November 24, 2018
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc

11. Literature
Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc
November 24, 2018