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Plantar tissue stiffness in patients with diabetes mellitus and peripheral neuropathy
Joseph W. Klaesner, PhD, Mary K. Hastings, PT, MS, Dequan Zou, DSc, Cara Lewis, PT, MS, Michael J. Mueller, PT, PhD Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Volume 83, Issue 12, Pages (December 2002) DOI: /apmr Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 1 The viscoelastic model developed by Pathak et al.20 Abbreviations: K, spring constants; C, dashpot constant; F, force. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /apmr ) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 2 The indentor system developed by our laboratory.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /apmr ) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 3 Indentation method used by our physical therapists.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /apmr ) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 4 Our parallel 3-element viscoelastic model.
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /apmr ) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 5 Typical data obtained during an indentation. Illustrated are the 2 regions governed by the 2 equations: F=K1X for 0≤X≤XS; and F=K1X+K2(X−XS)+CX for XS<X≤XMAX. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /apmr ) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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Fig. 6 A comparison of K1 values between patients with DM and control subjects. Abbreviation: Met, metatarsal. * Both groups significantly different (P<.05). Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , DOI: ( /apmr ) Copyright © 2002 American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions
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