1. Day 4
Bacon’s 4 idols

2. Agenda Debrief & Journal entry #1: CNN-Human organs
Finish: Presenting T chart from Allegory of the Cave
Read, Analyze & discuss: Bacon’s 4 idols
Written group activity: Chart over Bacon’s idols
Introduce Definition paper: due 9/14/16
*** Vocabulary quiz on 9/6/16

3. Vocabulary: quiz: 9/6/2016 Entail Abdicate Accrue Amalgamate Censure
Corroborate
Manifest
Justle
Parlay
sublimate

4. Vocabulary: VERBS quiz: 9/6/2016
Entail -
Abdicate- to renounce, give up
Accrue- accumulate
Amalgamate- combine, merge, fuse
Censure (severe disapproval) - I was wrong, it is spelled correctly but I was thinking of Censor (suppress) my bad!
Corroborate- validate, authenticate, confirm
Manifest- reveal, display
Jostle- push, elbow, bump roughly
Parlay- wager, bet, turn something into something greater
Sublimate- to channel, control, divert

5. debrief CNN-human organs Consider this: Is it ethical? Why? Why not?
Journal #1
Consider this:
Is it ethical? Why? Why not?
What are some concerns? Benefits?
Lenses: scientist? Animal activist? Patients in need of organs? Your own?
A genetic chimerism or chimera is a single organism composed of cells from different zygotes.

6. Bacon’s 4 idols
Bacon's four idols are the tribe, the cave, the marketplace, and the theater.
He asserts that each of these "idols" prevents men from attaining true understanding. He addresses the errors, illusions, and corruptions which mentally prevents us from having a true understanding of nature and reality. 
 Bacon asserts that the only way to truly become knowledgeable and understand the world comes through individual exploration, along with reason, and testing one's understandings to be sure they are accurate.  Bacon's sense is that one does not take things on faith: the foundation for someone's "beliefs" come from reason and irrefutable evidence.
Essay-idols explained
Prezzi-Idols explained

7. Idols of the tribe 
  The first of the series of "idols," or obstacles, that Bacon feels humans need to overcome in order to reason clearly. Idols of the tribe result from failings in human sense perception, and are general to all people.
They include a tendency to cling to whatever we believe, to believe only what we want (or are afraid not to believe).

8. Idols of the cave 
The second of the "idols." Idols of the cave result from an individual's tastes and prejudices. Your education, the books you have read and the company you keep all distort your perception of nature. As a result, human perceptions of nature vary widely, simply because all men are different.
The idols of the cave deal with each individual person.  Prejudices include those handed down from parents, peers, teachers, culture. (religion is an example)

9. Idols of the marketplace
  The third type of "idol." Idols of the marketplace come from men's association with others, and chiefly through words and language. Language is ambiguous, and often confuses our understanding of nature.
The idols of the marketplace deal with society as a whole and language. Words can be distorted, vague & ambigious.

10. Idols of the theater
The fourth type of "idol." Idols of the theater come from various philosophies; Bacon argues that all philosophies are no better than stage-plays. These are misunderstandings created by traditional philosophical and theological systems that give inaccurate and unverifiable account of the world.
Ex: scientific facts that are groundless because they have not been supported, but are generally accepted as the truth.
Various perspectives

11. Bacon’s 4 idols Tribe (own experience) Cave (learners & researchers)
Market
(Others words becomes your truth)
Theater
(multiple perspectives)

12. chart Ex: Piano Tribe (see & experience) Grew up playing piano Cave
(learners & researchers)
Practiced a lot
Market
(Others experience becomes your truth)
Parents played piano
Theater
(multiple perspectives)
Professional
Fun

13. Definition paper: Due 9/14/16
The Definition Paper: Due: ___________
Length: 500 Words Font: 12 Times New Roman, or Palatino
Example: Defnition Paper Topic: What is “Race”
To write a definition essay, you’ll need to define a word that:
Does it have a complex meaning?  Yes, I could discuss the different types of races that exist in my community.
has a complex meaning
Is the word disputable?  Yes, I could explain that race has a very intense connotation nowadays.
is disputable (could mean different things to different people)
Can it be seen through multiple perspectives? Yes, various races see culture and community differently.
Can be seen through multiple perspectives
Can be researched
Can it be researched? Of course, you can look at history, or culture of race, or even current events.
Optional:  Could I discuss the word's origin in a meaningful way?  Yes, look up the word’s origin in the Oxford English Dictionary for additional essay ideas.
It doesn’t have to be controversial - it can be philosophical, economic, psychological, environmental, or even communal.  As long as it follows the four criteria, you can look up whatever you want.
You need to have 3 sources minimum to support your research.  The paper is in MLA format, so resort to Purdue Owl Website to see how the format is used.

14. deductive vs inductive
Hw: Answer the following questions. Do not copy and paste definition.
What is inductive reasoning?
What is deductive reasoning?
Provide examples of each.

15. Deductive
The fundamental property of a deductively valid argument is this:
If all of its premises are true, then its conclusion must be true also, because the claim asserted by its conclusion already has been stated in its premises, although usually only implicitly. Here is an example of a very simple deductively valid argument:
1. If this wire is made of copper, then it will conduct electricity. (premise)
2. This wire is made of copper. (premise)
3. This wire will conduct electricity. (conclusion)

16. Deductive Reasoning (logical)
Taking a general statement and determining if its true in a specific case. If so then it would have a true and logical conclusion.
Equation: Premise 1 - Every O is P. Premise 2 - This Q is O. Conclusion This Q is P.
Example: All dogs have a tail. Achilles is a dog. Achilles has a tail.
“All dogs have a tail” and “Achilles is a dog” are true. Therefore, the conclusion is logical and true.

17. Inductive
Inductively valid (inductively strong) arguments, unlike deductively valid ones, have conclusions that go beyond what is contained in their premises. The idea behind valid induction is that of learning from experience. We often observe patterns, resemblances, and other kinds of regularities in our experiences, some quite simple (sugar sweetening coffee), some very complicated (objects moving according to Newton’s laws—well, Newton noticed this, anyway). Valid inductions simply project regularities of this kind observed in our experiences so far onto other possible experiences.
Inductive Reasoning Formula
Here is a simple example of an inductively valid argument, of the kind sometimes called induction by enumeration, expressed by a rather smart child in Jacksonville, Florida, explaining why he is doubtful about the existence of Santa Claus:
The tooth fairy turned out not to be real.
The Easter Bunny turned out not to be real.
So I’m beginning to wonder about Santa.

18. Inductive Reasoning (the other one)
Making generalizations that form into a theory by examining related observations
Equation: Premise 1, Premise 2, …, Premise n and Conclusion
Example: Jim left his house driving a red car two days ago. Jim left his house driving a red car yesterday. Jim left his house driving a red car today. Therefore, Jim will drive a red car everytime he leaves his house.
Even if the premises are true, inductive reasoning allows for the conclusion to be false.
Jim could very well walk, take a bike, or take a different car when he leaves his house