1. Rise of the Cotton Kingdom (9-1)
Cotton Rules the Deep South
Most southerners lived along the Atlantic coast in Maryland (MD), Virginia (VA), Tennessee (TN) & North Carolina (NC) – “Upper South”
They grew tobacco, hemp (plant used for its oil & seeds, and fiber for clothing & rope) wheat & veggies

2. Rise of the Cotton Kingdom (9-1)
By 1850 the population had spread to the “Deep South” – Georgia, (GA), South Carolina (SC), Alabama (AL), Mississippi (MS), Louisiana (LA), Florida (FL), Arkansas (AR), Texas (TX)
They grew rice, sugarcane & COTTON

3. Cotton Exports as a Percentage of All U.S. Exports, 1800–1860
After 1800, cotton rapidly emerged as the country’s most important export crop and quickly became the key to American prosperity.

5. Rise of the Cotton Kingdom (9-1)
Farmers wanted to grow more cotton to make more money
More slaves were needed to pick & process more cotton

6. Slave Population, 1820–1860
Slavery spread southwestward from the upper South and the eastern seaboard following the spread of cotton cultivation.

7. Slaves worked ALL DAY. From “can see” to “can’t see.”
Summary

8. Industry in the South (9-1)
Barriers to Industry
The South’s economy was based on farming- limited manufacturing
Farming was profitable – no need to diversify
Capital in the South was invested in slaves & land – No $ to build factories

9. Industry in the South (9-1)
Smaller population – and slaves had no $
Many Southerners wanted the South to remain farm based, too dependent on cotton

10. Industry in the South (9-1)
Southern Factories
William Gregg opened a successful textile mill in South Carolina
Joseph Anderson made Tredgar Iron Works (in VA) one of the nation’s leading producers of iron

11. Industry in the South (9-1)
Cotton Production
Cotton farming began moving westward
Why?
As cotton farming became even more profitable farmers wanted to plant even more – they needed more land

12. Cotton Production in the South, 1820–1860
Cotton production expanded westward between 1820 and 1860 into Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, and western Tennessee.

13. Industry in the South (9-1) Southern Transportation
The rivers of the South are wide and slow moving – perfect for transportation
Railroads were short and local - They didn’t link major cities
Railroad tracks also were often of a different gauge (width)
Summary