1. Part 8
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2. Week 16, 17, 18 and 19 The Atmosphere
Modules 3, 4, 7 and 8 in AP
The study of the Air and the Atmosphere and how we measure them
Movement of the Atmosphere - Air Masses, Winds and Storms
Weather Prediction
Next test: Week 19 T Jan 23/25 - covers the atmosphere and hydrosphere
Week 20 A Jan 30 - I will be away - analysis exercise
U of IL - Wx Course
Lyndon State Course
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3. Prep Questions Week 16 Week 17 Week 18 Week 19
(1) What role does the sun play in causing seasons and the weather?
(2) What is the composition of the air?
(3) What is the role of each component?
Week 17
(1) What are the 5 layers of the atmosphere?
(2) What is temperature?
(3) What is Ozone hole?
Week 18
(1) What factors influence the weather?
(2) What are the weather elements?
Week 19
(1) What are the factors that cause precipitation?
(2) What are the differences and common characteristics of a thunderstorm, tornado, hurricane and a nor'easter low pressure system?
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4. Current Weather Review 
Radar/Sat
US Radar
US Radar NWS
Goes Sat Page
US Sat IR
NRL Sat
US Sat Vis
NY VIS
Sfc Analysis NWS
Surface Plots
Surface 12 Hour Fcst
Surface 24 Hour Fcst
Surface 36 Hour Fcst
Surface 48 Hr Fcsts
Emergency
CURRENT SVR Wx RADAR
National Weather Situation Page  
Severe Weather Alert Link
Your Local Forecast
Local Fcsts
Rome NY 
 43.23°N 75.46°W 
Rome Griffiss Airfield
Lat:   Lon:   Elev: 504 ft Lat/Lon: 43.23°N 75.46°W   Elevation:482  
BGM Discussion 
Wx Maps
NAM
GFS
1. GFSx -Upper
2.GFSx-MRF- Precip
Long Range NWS Model
ECMWF
CPC
Datastreme
Climo
SYR CLIMO
CLIMO STAT CNY
ALB CLIMO
Other
NASA Solar Science
Solar-Sun Spot-Space-Wx
Sun & Moon Rise & Set Tables
Moon Phases
Your Sky Start Charts
Tides Maine
NOAA Space Wx
Forecast Central
11/24/2018

5. Factors that Influence the Weather
Weather is the condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and a particular time. It can be a combination of different amounts of heat, moisture and dry movement in the air.
Most weather changes occur in the troposphere, the part of the atmosphere nearest the earth. The troposphere varies in thickness from 60,000 feet at the equator to as little as 23,000 feet or less over polar areas.
Major factors are:
the sun does not heat all parts of the earth equally; the resulting difference in density and pressure causes the air to move from different places.
Another factor is the different physical features (mountains, plains, bodies of water) have different effects on the atmosphere.
The season and the time of day also affect the state of the atmosphere.
The elements that affect the weather condition are:
temperature, pressure, moisture content, wind speed and direction
"fronts" that exist, fronts are boundary lines between the cold air moving southwards from the north, and the warm air moving from the tropics.
Most of the severe weather conditions are in some way related to these fronts.
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6. Energy Balance
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7. 11/24/2018

8. 11/24/2018

9. Global Jet Streams
Global jet streams refers to long narrow "tube" of high wind speed that flows at the top of the troposphere for thousands of miles
often thought of as a "river" of air.
To be a "jet stream" the winds must exceed 50 knots (57 mph).
An important term related to "Jet Streams" is the "Jet Streak" which is the term used to describe the very center or core of the highest jet stream winds.
Jet streaks are important because they produce the strongest upper level divergence and convergence.
The following are the main jet streams that circle the earth:
Polar Front (Mid Latitude) Jet Stream (PFJ)
The polar front jet (or just polar jet) is located at the top of the troposphere at about 300 mb (30,000 feet). It is cause by the strong thermal contrasts in the lower part of the troposphere associated with the polar front.
Sub Tropical Jet Stream (STJ)
The subtropical jet is a distinct jet steam form the polar jet and has a distinct cause. The subtropical jet comes out of the tropics.
The true subtropical jet always moves from southwest to northeast. The subtropical jet is very high (about 40,000 feet) and is strongest in the winter.
When the subtropical jet moves north out of the tropics it brings warm moist air with it. The subtropical jet caused conservation of AM - no strong low level thermal contrast so there is no front associated with it.
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10. 11/24/2018

11. RE
11/24/2018