1. Near-Infrared Intraoperative Molecular Imaging Can Locate Metastases to the Lung 
Jane Keating, MD, Andrew Newton, MD, Ollin Venegas, BA, Sarah Nims, BS, Ryan Zeh, BS, Jarrod Predina, MD, Charuhas Deshpande, MD, John Kucharczuk, MD, Shuming Nie, PhD, E. James Delikatny, PhD, Sunil Singhal, MD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 103, Issue 2, Pages (February 2017)
DOI: /j.athoracsur
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) flank tumors are fluorescent when imaged with a near-infrared (NIR) imaging device 24 hours after intravenous injection with 5 mg/kg of ICG. (A) Example of an LLC flank tumor imaged with white light. (B) NIR fluorescence image of the flank tumor overlaid on a black-and-white image. The green color represents NIR fluorescence. (C) Corresponding hematoxylin and eosin and NIR fluorescence microscopy confirming presence of indocyanine green (ICG) on a microscopic scale (×100).
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Several examples of metastatic pulmonary nodules localized by indocyanine green and near-infrared (NIR) molecular imaging in a murine model. (A) White-light images taken with the NIR laser turned off. (B) Images with the NIR signal only. (C) Overlay of the NIR signal onto the visible light images. The orange fluorescence localizes to indocyanine green. (D) Animal model lungs with metastatic Lewis lung carcinoma tumor deposits (arrows). (Hematoxylin and eosin; Magnification (left) 20× and (right) 10×.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Above, computed tomographic (CT) image from a 60-year-old woman with a history of colorectal cancer who had previously undergone right hemicolectomy for stage 3 colorectal cancer 2 years before presentation. She was found to have a 2.0-cm right middle lobe nodule on CT scan (arrow) that was concerning for cancer recurrence. Below, in vivo near-infrared (NIR) imaging demonstrating a markedly fluorescent nodule (mean tumor-to-background ratio, 3.2). Postoperatively, the nodule was confirmed to be metastatic colorectal carcinoma by hematoxylin and eosin staining.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
(A) Ex vivo imaging of the 2.0-cm metastatic colorectal cancer deposit shown in Figure 3 that was localized by the near-infrared (NIR) thoracoscope intraoperatively. (B) Ex vivo imaging of a metastatic renal cell carcinoma that was initially missed by in situ visualization and was not fluorescent upon ex vivo NIR imaging. However, once the pleura is incised and the nodule is exposed, the nodule is markedly fluorescent (orange circle) (tumor-to-background ratio, 3.3). The metastatic tumor was 1.2 cm in size on hematoxylin and eosin staining and 1.6 cm deep from the pleural surface on preoperative imaging.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.athoracsur )
Copyright © 2017 The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Terms and Conditions