1. The Skeletal System Functions of Bone Supports and gives shape
Protects internal organs
Movement
Stores calcium
Hemopoiesis (blood cell formation)

2. Long Bones Diaphysis – shaft
Medullary cavity – yellow bone marrow (inactive, fatty, found in adults)
Epiphyses – ends of bone
Epiphyseal line – marks location where two centers of ossification have fused together (If radiograph shows no epiphyseal cartilage then growth has stopped.)

5. Articular cartilage – cushion that covers epiphyses
Endosteum – lines medullary cavity Periosteum – strong membrane covering bone except at joint surfaces
Spongy bone – porous bone in the end (may be filled with marrow)
Trabeculae – needlelike threads of spongy bone that surround a network of spaces
Compact bone – dense, hard

8. Kinds of Joints Synarthroses – no movement, sutures (cranial bones)
Amphiarthroses – slight movement, cartilage connects the articulating bones (pubic bones, vertebrae)
Diarthroses – free movement, ligaments and synovial fluid

9. Diarthroses Ball and socket – shoulder and hip
Hinge – elbow and knee Flexion:bending Extension: straightening
Pivot – second vertebra in neck
Saddle - metacarpal bone of thumb and trapezium (carpal bone)
Gliding – successive vertebrae
Condyloid – distal end of radius into carpals