1. Epidemiology and Statistics in Public; Health Indicators
Osama A Samarkandi, PhD, RN
EMS 313; Public Health for EMS Professionals

2. (Fertility & Morbidity) Rate
Crude Birth Rate (CBR) - Overall total reported births,
Morbidity-Illnesses affecting the population group
Incidence Rate (IR): reported new cases affecting the population group
Prevalence Rate (PR): determine sum total of new + old cases of diseases per percent population
Fertility Rate:  is a measure of fertility in a defined population over a specified period of time, usually one year
Morbidity Rate: is the proportion of patients with a particular disease during a given year per given unit of population.

3. Mortality Rate Mortality-Reports causes of deaths
Crude Death Rate (CDR)-overall total reported death
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)-maternal deaths due to maternal causes
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)-# of infant deaths (0-12 months) or less than 1 year old
Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR)-# of deaths among neonates (newborn days, < 1 month)
Swaroops Index (SI)-deaths among individual in the age group of 50 and above
The Mortality Rate (MR): is the number of deaths within a given population in a given time period. The mortality rate is typically expressed in number of deaths per 1,000 or 100,000 individuals per year.

4. Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
𝐶𝐵𝑅= Overall total reported births Population ×1000
Crude Birth Rate (CBR): is the number of live births occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.

5. Incidental Rate (IR) 𝐼𝑅= New Cases of Disease Population ×100
Incidence: is a measure of the risk of developing some new condition within a specified period of time.

6. Prevalence Rate (PR) 𝑃𝑅= New Cases + Old Cases Population ×100
prevalence rate  the number of people in a population who have a disease at a given time: the numerator is the number of existing cases of disease at a specified time and the denominator is the total population.

7. Crude Death Rate (CDR) 𝐶𝐷𝑅= Overall Total Deaths Population ×1000
Crude Death Rate: The ratio of total deaths to total population in a specified community or area over a specified period of time. The death rate is often expressed as the number of deaths per 1,000 of the population per year.

8. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR)
𝑀𝑀𝑅= No. of Maternal Deaths No. of Life Birth ×1000
Maternal death is a rate in which the numerator is the number of maternal deaths ascribed to puerperal causes in one year.
The death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the duration and site of the pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy or its management but not from accidental or incidental causes. To facilitate the identification of maternal deaths in circumstances in which cause of death attribution is inadequate, a new category has been introduced: Pregnancy-related death is defined as the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy, irrespective of the cause of death.

9. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
𝐼𝑀𝑅= No. of Infant Deaths No. of Life Birth ×1000
Infant Mortality Rate the ratio of the number of deaths in one year of children less than one year of age to the number of live births in that year.

10. Neonatal Mortality Rate (IMR)
𝑁𝑀𝑅= No. of Neonatal Deaths No. of Life Birth ×1000
Neonatal Mortality Rate the ratio of the number of deaths in one year of children less than 28 days of age to the number of live births in that year

11. Questions ?