1. Module I.2 Conceptual understanding of the NAP process Trainer: [Name]
Country teams that want to realize key NAP tasks need to have a good understanding of the NAP concept
This module familiarizes with the general concept and character of the NAP process

2. Overview of this module
Adaptation under the UNFCCC
Characteristics of the NAP process
Importance of NAP for countries
Relation of NAP to other processes
Support channels for NAP

3. What can you expect to learn from this session?
Familiarize with the general concept and character of the NAP process
Reflect on the relation to other national processes
Get a first overview about existing support channels for NAP

4. Focus of adaptation under the UNFCCC over time
From fragmentation to coordination and integration of adaptation
1996: Focus on assessing impacts and improving the science of CC
National communications started
2001: Creation of NAPAs, LDCF and LEG
LDCs called to establish NAPAs for identifying urgent and immediate adaptation needs
2010: Support for developing countries/ LDCs to develop NAPs (1/CP.16  published in 2011)
Identifying medium- and long-term adaptation needs
2011: Guidance for NAP process (5/CP.17)
LDC Expert Group (LEG) requested to develop technical guidelines
Agencies invited to establish NAP support programmes
2012: Technical and financial aspects of NAP (12/CP.18)
Multi- and bilateral agencies invited to provide further NAP support
2013: Launch of the NAP Global Support Programme
Targeted NAP support for LDC funded through the Global Environmental Facility (GEF)
2014: Launch of NAP Global Network
Enhance coordination and engagement of donors
Further progress during COP 17-20:
NAP Technical Guidelines
Increased multilateral/ bilateral engagement

5. Introduction to the NAP process
Objectives of NAP
Reduce vulnerability
Integrate (= mainstream) climate change adaptation into new and existing development planning processes, within all relevant sectors and levels
UNFCCC, 5/CP.17
During COP 17 in Doha the following decision was adopted by the conference of the parties (see below for French)
1. [The conference of the party] Agrees that the objectives of the national adaptation plan process are as follows:
(a) To reduce vulnerability to the impacts of climate change, by building
adaptive capacity and resilience;
(b) To facilitate the integration of climate change adaptation, in a coherent
manner, into relevant new and existing policies, programmes and activities, in particular
development planning processes and strategies, within all relevant sectors and at different
levels, as appropriate;
1. [La Conférence des Parties] Convient que les plans nationaux d’adaptation destinés à élaborer et à
appliquer des mesures d’adaptation ont pour objectif:
a) De réduire la vulnérabilité aux incidences des changements climatiques en
renforçant la capacité d’adaptation et la résilience;
b) D’intégrer de manière cohérente l’adaptation aux changements climatiques
dans les politiques, les programmes et les travaux pertinents, nouveaux ou en cours, en
particulier les processus et les stratégies de planification du développement, dans tous les
secteurs concernés et à différents niveaux, selon qu’il convient;

6. Characteristics of the NAP process - I
Flexible
Non-prescriptive
Countries select steps and approaches
Country-owned, country-driven
Driven by national needs and priorities
National coordinating mechanism and mandate
The NAP Technical Guidelines develop in chapter guiding principles for the NAP process.
Among these principles, flexibility, ownership, integration, M&E, and improved risk management are important principles in the NAP process. Further explanation can be found in the participants manual.

7. Characteristics of the NAP process - II
Integrated
Mainstream adaptation into development planning and budgets
Iterative, building on existing efforts, improving coordination
Transparent, participatory, gender-sensitive
Improved climate risk management
Define pipeline of interventions
Align funding from all sources
Learning, monitoring and evaluation
Learn how to manage multiple climate risks through rigorous monitoring and review
Explanation of terms:
Disaster risk
The likelihood over a specified time period of severe alterations in the normal functioning of a community or a society due to hazardous
physical events interacting with vulnerable social conditions, leading to widespread adverse human, material, economic, or environmental
effects that require immediate emergency response to satisfy critical human needs and that may require external support for recovery.
Climate risks are a subset of disaster risks.
Risque de catastrophe: Probabilité que surviennent, au cours d’une période donnée, de graves perturbations du fonctionnement normal d’une popu-lation ou d’une société dues à l’interaction de phénomènes physiques dangereux avec des conditions de vulnérabilité sociale, qui provoque sur le plan humain, matériel, économique ou environnemental de vastes effets indésirables nécessitant la prise immédiate de mesures pour répondre aux besoins humains essentiels et exigeant parfois une assistance extérieure pour le relèvement.
Les risques climatiques sont un sous-catégorie des risques de catastrophe.
Source: IPCC, 2012: Glossary of terms. In: Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation.

8. Importance of NAP for country processes
Links adaptation priorities to development needs
Sets clear objectives and priorities
Supports mainstreaming
Strengthens long term perspective
Builds on existing work and helps synthesise and simplify
Defines a pipeline of interventions
Captures resources: public, private, national, international
Supports coordination of adaptation efforts
Specifies needs: knowledge, capacity, institutional, funding
Sets out how progress will be measured and reported
Why should a country want to engage in the NAP process?
Why might it want to do so, even if it is already engaged in a significant number of adaptation projects at different levels and in different sectors?

9. Besides NAP: What other relevant planning processes exist in your country? Who of you was involved in them already?

10. NAP in the context of other relevant processes
Outreach
NAP
National Growth Strategy
Multi-sectoral
SDG
LEDS
HFA
Green Growth Strategy
NAPA
REDD+
Sectoral strategies
NAP is not the only mainstreaming process at the interface between environment and development.
This graph shows different processes from a sectoral and a temporal perspective.
A NAP country team looking for support for the NAP process might want to analyze how NAP relates to similar processes in order to maximize synergies. Similar relevant processes might exist in different sectors and at different government levels. I could be beneficial for the NAP process to build on existing plans and activities.
HFA = Hyogo Framework for Action 2: Post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction, launched in 2012 (UN General Assembly ), building on a review of the implementation of the HFA over its 10-year term.
NAPA = National Adaptation Programmes of Action: provide a process for Least Developed Countries to identify priority activities that respond to their urgent and immediate needs to adapt to climate change.
NAMAs = Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs): were introduced at the Bali-UN Conference of the Parties in 2007 as a voluntary mitigation-contribution of the developing and transition countries, supported by industrialised countries with financial and technological promotion as well as capacity building.
SDGs = Sustainable Development Goals refer to an agreement of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development held in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012 (Rio+20), to develop a set of future international development goals.
REDD+ = Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation: a mechanism that has been under negotiation by the UNFCCC since 2005, with the twin objectives of mitigating climate change through reducing emissions of greenhouse gases and removing greenhouse gases through enhanced forest management in developing countries.
NAP = National Adaptation Plans: formulation and implementation of NAPs is a means of identifying medium- and long-term adaptation needs and developing and implementing strategies and programmes to address those needs.
LEDS = Low Emission Development Strategy: „forward-looking national development plans or strategies that encompass low-emission and/or climate-resilient economic growth” (OECD)
NAMA
Sectoral
Planning horizon
Short-term
Long-term

11. Institutions and support channels for NAP
UNFCCC
LEG
Dev. Partners
Funding sources
Initial Guidelines (5/CP 17)
Technical Guidelines, supplementary material, trainings, advisory, NAP Central
Supplementary material, trainings, advisory
Public, private, national, international resources
The preparation of NAP processes is currently underway in many developing countries.
Multilateral and bilateral partners support this important process in different ways
Further information:

12. Exercise: Opportunities and challenges of the NAP process in your country
You are invited to reflect the concrete situation of development and adaptation processes in your country Please delineate which opportunities and which challenges you expect from the NAP process in respect to the five principles Also consider concrete approaches you see for making use of opportunities and coping with challenges You will work in sub-groups defined by the moderator. Don’t forget to document your findings (document your findings on a flipchart when you have an open discussion or in Matrix I.2.1 when you discuss structured according to the given questions)

13. Imprint
Published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH
Climate Policy Support Project
Dag-Hammarskjöld-Weg Eschborn, Germany T F
Contact E I
Responsible Nele Bünner, GIZ
Authors Till Below
Picture credits Title: Focus of adaptation (UNFCCC 2013), Institutions and support channels for NAP (UNFCCC 2011, LEG 2012, GIZ 2014, GCF 2014)
This presentation is part of a NAP country-level training that has been developed by GIZ on behalf of BMZ and in cooperation with the NAP Global Support Programme (NAP-GSP), in particular UNDP and UNITAR.
The training is designed to support countries in setting up a National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process. It builds on the NAP Technical Guidelines developed by the Least- Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG).
You are welcome to use the slides, as long as you do not alter its content or design (including the logos), nor this imprint. If you have any questions regarding the training, please contact Till Below or Nele Bünner at GIZ. For questions related to the Technical Guidelines, please refer to the UNFCCC’s NAP Support Portal.
As a federally owned enterprise, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH supports the German Government in achieving its objectives in the field of international cooperation for sustainable development. GIZ also engages in human resource development, advanced training and dialogue.