1. The Periodic Table and Periodic Law
Chapter 6 Section 1
The Periodic Table and Periodic Law

2. Development of the Periodic Table
Antoine Lavoisier (1743 – 1794): compiled a list of all the known elements in the early 1700’s
List contained 33 elements
Gases
Light, heat, dephlogisticated air, phlogisticated gas, inflammable air
Metals
Antimony, silver, arsenic, bismuth, cobalt, copper, tin, iron, manganese, mercury, molybdena, nickel, gold, platina, lead, tungsten, zinc
Nonmetals
Sulphur, phosphorous, pure charcoal, radical muriatique, radical fluorique, radical boracique
Earths
Chalk, magnesia, barote, clay, siliceous earth

3. Development of the Periodic Table
In 1864, English chemist John Newlands proposed an organizational scheme for the elements.
He noticed that when the elements were arranged by increasing atomic mass, their properties repeated every eighth element

4. Development of the Periodic Table
In 1869, Lothar Meyer and Dmitri Mendeleev each demonstrated a connection between mass and elemental properties.
Mendeleev is given credit for the Periodic Table because he published his first.
Mendeleev’s table arranged the elements by increasing atomic mass into columns with similar properties.

5. Development of the Periodic Table
Mendeleev’s table became widely used because he predicted the existence and properties of undiscovered elements

6. The Development of the Periodic Table
Mendeleev’s table was not completely correct though.
In some instances, ordering elements by mass created disorder among elements with like properties.

7. The Development of the Periodic Table
Moseley arranged the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number.
The statement that there is a periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number is called the periodic law.

8. The Modern Periodic Table
Consists of boxes containing an element name, symbol, atomic number, and atomic mass.
The columns of the periodic table are called groups.
The rows of the periodic table are called periods.

9. The Modern Periodic Table
Representative Elements
Transition Elements

10. The Modern Periodic Table

11. Metals Shiny when smooth Solid at room temperature
Good conductor of heat and electricity
Malleable – can be hammered into sheets
Ductile – can be drawn into wires

12. Metals Group 1: Alkali Metals (except hydrogen) Extremely reactive
Often exist as compounds with other elements
Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr

13. Metals Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals
Groups 3 – 12: Transition Elements
Inner Transition Metals
Lanthanide series (begins with element 58)
Actinide series (begins with element 90)

14. Non-Metals Occupy the upper right side of the PTE.
Generally gases or brittle, dull-looking solids
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Only non-metal that is a liquid at room temperature is Bromine

15. Non-Metals
Group 7 (17): Halogens
Group 8 (18): Noble Gases

16. Metalloids
Contained in the stair step between the metals and non-metals
Also known as semi-metals
Have physical and chemical properties of both metals and non-metals