1. Figure 3 T1 mapping and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE)
in differentiating archetypal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) from phenotypic mimics
Figure 3 | T1 mapping and late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in differentiating archetypal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) from phenotypic mimics. The left-hand panels show native (noncontrast) myocardial T1 images from a | a healthy volunteer; and patients with b | sarcomeric HCM, in this case with broadly normal myocardium apart from high T1 at the right ventricular insertion points (arrows) suggesting focal fibrosis; c | Fabry disease, in which global attenuation of T1 (blue) likely indicates sphingolipid storage in the myocardium and is sometimes observed before the onset of LVH. The high T1 signal at the basal lateral wall (arrow) indicates focal fibrosis; and d | AL amyloidosis, with extensive T1 elevation (red). The right-hand panels show late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) images with typical appearances of cardiac amyloidosis, with e | dark blood pool and global subendocardial LGE, which becomes f | transmural with progressive amyloid burden; and of Fabry disease, with g | short-axis and h | long-axis views of prominent papillary muscles and LGE at the basal inferolateral wall (arrows). Panels e and f are reprinted from Fikrle, M. et al. The diagnostic performance of cardiac magnetic resonance in detection of myocardial involvement in AL amyloidosis. Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging 36, 218–224 (2014), with permission from John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Panels g and h are reprinted from Moon, J. C. et al. Gadolinium enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance in Anderson–Fabry disease. Evidence for a disease specific abnormality of the myocardial interstitium. Eur. Heart J. 24, 2151–2125 (2003), with permission from Oxford University Press.
Panels e and f are reprinted from Fikrle, M. et al. The diagnostic performance of cardiac magnetic
resonance in detection of myocardial involvement in AL amyloidosis Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging 36,
218–224 (2014), with permission from John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Panels g and h are reprinted from Moon,
J. C. et al. Gadolinium enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance in Anderson–Fabry disease. Evidence for a disease
specific abnormality of the myocardial interstitium. Eur. Heart J. 24, 2151– 2125 (2003), with permission from Oxford University Press
Sen-Chowdhry, S. et al. (2016) Update on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and a guide to the guidelines
Nat. Rev. Cardiol. doi: /nrcardio