1. DNA Structure Practice Quiz

2. Know the following: Griffith Avery, McCarthy & Mcleod Hershey & Chase Linus Pauling Erwin Chargaff Wilkins & Franklin Watson & Crick

3. Answer:
Griffith – S and R Strain of Pneumonia, discovered Transformation.
Avery, McCarthy & Mcleod – Used Pneumonia and enzymes to figure out DNA was causing transformation.
Hershey & Chase - Did experiment with bacteriophage, showed DNA was transferred.
Linus Pauling – Studied the structure of DNA.
Erwin Chargaff – A=T and G=C
Wilkins & Franklin – X-ray pictures Studied the structure of DNA.
Watson & Crick – Credited with the discovery of DNA Structure.

4. What is the monomer that makes up DNA/RNA?

5. Answer:
Nucleotides

6. What are nucleotides made of?

7. Answer:
Phosphate
Sugar
Base (A, T, C, G)

8. Describe the Sugar in DNA/RNA.

9. Answer: DNA = Deoxyribose RNA = Ribose
Notice the differences between the two molecules.
Also notice the carbons are numbered 1’ to 5’

10. What attaches to the 1’ carbon in DNA/RNA?

11. Answer:
The bases (A, T, G, C)

12. What attaches to the 5’carbon of one sugar and the 3’ carbon of the next sugar?

13. Answer:
Phosphate
The phosphates only job is to connect sugars.

14. What are the differences in DNA/RNA?

15. Answer: Deoxyribose vs. Ribose Double vs. Single Stranded
Uses T’s vs. U’s

16. Describe/show the structure of the different nitrogenous bases.

17. Answer:
All you need to know is the basic structure, DO NOT memorize these structures!!!

18. Draw the actual structure of DNA.

19. Answer: How many bonds between A & T? How many bonds between G & C?2
How many bonds between G & C? 3
How are the backbones oriented?
3’ to 5’ in opposite directions (antiparallel)