1. What is chemistry The study of matter and how it changes
Example of chemistry:
soap food, glass
Because of what it is made of or how it changes

2. What is matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space

3. BASIC MATTER can be broken down into…
ATOM:
SMALLEST PARTICLE THAT HAS PROPERTIES OF AN ELEMENT
ELEMENT:
SUBSTANCE THAT CANNOT BE BROKEN DOWN INTO A SIMPLER SUBSTANCE
3. COMPOUND:
SUBSTANCE MADE OF ATOMS OF MORE THAN 1 ELEMENT BOUND TOGETHER

4. HOW ARE ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS WRITTEN?
USING A FORMULA
this representation uses chemical symbols and numbers that tell the number of atoms contained in the basic unit of the substance
element: N
compound: H2O

5. What is the smallest unit of a substance that exhibits all of the properties characteristic of that substance?
Molecule

6. Examples of formulas C16H10N2O2= indigo 16 +10+2+2= 30 atoms
C8H10N4O2 = caffeine
= 24 atoms
C3H8O = rubbing alcohol
= 12 atoms

7. What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
matter with a fixed composition and definite properties, can’t be separated or broken down by physical actions such as boiling grinding or melting
represented by a chemical formula
C6H12 O6
Mixture:
a combination of more than one pure substance
air, grape juice

8. Matter and Energy What is the kinetic theory?
All matter is made of atoms and molecules that act like tiny particles
Tiny particles are always in motion
the higher the temperature, the faster the particles move
3. At the same temperatures, the more massive particles move slower than the less massive particles

9. What are the common states of matter?
Solid:
fixed position, rigid, can vibrate, closely packed
2. liquid:
closely packed but can slide past each other
gas:
constant state of motion, rarely stick together
4. plasma:
fast moving charged particles

10. Solid:
fixed position, rigid, can vibrate, closely packed
2. liquid:
closely packed but can slide past each other
gas:
constant state of motion, rarely stick together
4. plasma:
fast moving charged particles

11. What is energy?
Ability to change or move matter
What does changing states of matter do to a substance?
changes attractive forces between molecules, doesn’t change composition of a substance

12. State the law of conservation of mass?
Mass can not be created or destroyed
State the law of conservation of energy?
Energy can not be created or destroyed.

13. Changes of states of matter
sublimation
LIQUID
Boiling or evaporation
GAS
Solid
melting
condensation
freezing

14. What is a chemical property of a substance?
The way a substance reacts with others to form new substances with different properties by either combining with other elements or by breaking apart into new substances
(corrosive, reactive,flammable)
ex mercury…toxic
steel…… reactive with oxyen to form rust
sodium …. Flammable in O2

15. What is reactivity?
Ability of a substance to combine chemically with another
What is flammability?
Chemical property that describes whether substances will react in the presence of O2 and burn when exposed to flame

16. What are physical properties?
Characteristics of a substance that can be observed or measured without changing the composition of the substance
Remain constant for specific pure substances
Shape, color, odor, texture, melting point, boiling point, strength, hardness, ability to conduct electricity or heat, magnetism, density
Ex mercury is liquid at room temperature

17. How to classify mixtures?
By how thoroughly the substances mix together.
Mix solid + liquid….
Homogeneous
mixture clear and mixing occurs between the individual units and is the same throughout
salt + water= salt water
Heterogeneous
cloudy mixture and mixture between substances isn’t uniformly mixed
flour + water

18. Liquid + liquid Miscible
Describes two or more liquids that are able to dissolve into each other in various proportions
gasoline
Immiscible
Describes two or more liquid that do not mix into each other.
oil and water

19. DENSITY: physical property
D= m/V density equals mass divided volume
Buoyancy: the force with which a more dense fluid pushes a less dense substance upward

20. What is a chemical change?
A change that happens when a substance changes composition by forming one or more new substances
cellular respiration
photosynthesis
combustion
clues: energy released, smell or smoke

21. What is a physical change?
A change in the physical form or properties of a substance that occurs without a change in composition
Ex: melting, freezing, evaporating, grinding, dissolving,

22. Inquiry lab pg 57 Volume of H2O Mass of cylinder + H 2O 10 20 30 40 5010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
100