1. By Mrs. Porter Talley Middle School Wilmington Delaware
Properties of Matter
By Mrs. Porter
Talley Middle School
Wilmington Delaware

2. Characteristic Properties States of Matter Mixtures and Solutions
Unit Components
Physical Properties
Characteristic Properties
States of Matter
Mixtures and Solutions

3. Matter:
Anything that has mass
and takes up space

4. Mass:
the amount of matter in an object
measured with a balance

5. Volume: the amount of space an object takes up
measured with a ruler or graduated cylinder

6. Every form of matter has two kinds of properties:
Physical
Chemical

7. Physical Properties
Are characteristics or features that describe matter
Are true only for a certain amount of matter

8. Examples include
color
size
shape
texture
smell
Temperature
state

9. Physical Properties
Are properties that do NOT change as mass, volume and/or shape change.
Are properties of a substance, not a specific object

10. Examples include boiling point melting point solubility conductivity
hardness pH
flammability
density

11. Mass Volume Shape Texture State Mixture Solution Odor
Examples of Physical Properties/Changes:
Mass
Volume
Shape
Texture
State
Mixture
Solution
Odor

12. Chemical Properties of Matter
Chemical Property - is a characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances.
To observe the chemical properties of a substance, you must try to change it to another substance.

13. Burning Rusting Cooking Film Processing
Examples of Chemical Properties/Changes:
Burning
Rusting
Cooking
Film Processing
(Any change that causes NEW matter to be formed)

14. States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma

15. The Molecule Chamber
Demonstrates the movement of particles of matter in the various states in which it occurs.
Increased temperature increases particle movement and the space between them.
The particles of water behave differently because of the make up of the molecule

16. Solids Have definite shape and definite volume
Particles are tightly packed

17. STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS
Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position.
Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume.
Heat

18. Liquids Do not have definite shape but do have definite volume
Particles are loosely packed

19. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID
Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another.
Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume.
Heat

20. Gases Do not have definite shape or definite volume
Particles are very far apart

21. STATES OF MATTER GAS
Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely.
Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
Heat

22. Phase Changes of Water ICE WATER STEAM (solid) (liquid) (gas) melting
freezing
evaporating
condensing
(solid) (liquid) (gas)

23. Description of Phase Change
PHASE CHANGES
Description of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During
Phase Change
Solid to liquid
Melting
Heat goes into the solid as it melts.
Liquid to solid
Freezing
Heat leaves the liquid as it freezes.

24. Description of Phase Change
PHASE CHANGES
Description of Phase Change
Term for Phase Change
Heat Movement During
Phase Change
Liquid to gas
Vaporization, which includes boiling and evaporation
Heat goes into the liquid as it vaporizes.
Gas to liquid
Condensation
Heat leaves the gas as it condenses.
Solid to gas
Sublimation
Heat goes into the solid as it sublimates.

25. STATES OF MATTER PLASMA
A plasma is an ionized gas.
A plasma is a very good conductor of electricity and is affected by magnetic fields.
Plasmas, like gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume.
Plasma is the
common state
of matter

26. STATES OF MATTER LIQUID PLASMA SOLID GAS
Tightly packed, in a regular pattern
Vibrate, but do not move from place to place
Close together with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate, move about, and slide past each other
Well separated with no regular arrangement.
Vibrate and move freely at high speeds
Has no definite volume or shape and is composed of electrical charged particles

27. Properties of Matter include:
How it looks (shiny, dull, colored)
How it feels (hard, soft, rough, smooth)
How it smells (sweet, salty, flowery)
How it sounds (loud, soft, hollow)
How it tastes (sweet salty, bitter, sour)
What it does (bounce, bubble, tear)

28. Substance
A substance is a single kind of matter that is pure. It always has a specific makeup – or composition – a specific set of properties.
Water
Sugar
Salt
When is matter not a substance?

29. Elements
Element – is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means.
Elements are the simples substances – each element can be identified by the specific physical and chemical properties.

31. Particles of Elements
Atom – basic particle from which all elements are made.

32. When Atoms Combine
Chemical Bond – force of attraction between two atoms.
Molecules – when atoms combine to form larger particles.

33. Compounds
Compound – is a pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio.
Chemical Formula – a way to represent a compound.
When elements are chemically combined, they form compounds having properties that are different from those of the uncombined elements.

35. Mixtures
Mixture – is made of two or more substances – elements, compounds or both – that are together in the same place, but not chemically combined.
Differ from compounds in two ways:
Each substance in a mixture keeps its individual properties
Parts of a mixture are not combined in a set ratio.

36. Types of Mixtures
Heterogeneous mixture – You can see the different parts.
Homogeneous mixture – So evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts.

37. Heterogeneous Mixture

38. Homogeneous Mixture