1. The Great War Begins Old Strategy & New Technology

2. Today’s Standard Essential Question
10.5 Analyze the causes of the Great War (AKA WWI)
examine the geographic factors and theaters of WWI looking specifically at their significance in military decisions.
How was this war different then previous wars?
Essential Question

3. Archduke Assassinated = Alliance System Chain Reaction
1. Austria declares war on Serbia
2. Russia mobilizes troops
4. Germany declares war on France
3. Germany declares war on Russia
6. Britain declares war on Germany
5. Germany invades Belgium

4. Who’s To Blame?

5. German Atrocities in Belgium

6. Mobilization Home by Christmas! No major war in 50 years! Nationalism!
It's a long way to Tipperary,
It's a long way to go;
To the sweetest girl I know!
Goodbye, Piccadilly,
Farewell, Leicester Square,
It's a long, long way to Tipperary,
But my heart's right there!

7. Recruitment Posters

8. A Young Australian Recruit

9. Recruits of the Central Powers
A German Soldier Says Farewell to His Mother
Austro-Hungarians

10. New French Recruits

11. A German Boy Pretends to Be a Soldier

13. What do these images and the poem tell us about the “mood” of Europeans going into “The Great War”

14. The Schlieffen Plan

15. Germany Strategy Schlieffen Plan  Avoid two-front war
Defeat France quickly, then go back to Russia
Russia's weakness’:
lack of industrialization & railroads
difficult to mobilize
Verdun 300,000 French and German killed
Somme – Brits & Germans lose 500,000

16. The War Begins
Germany invades Belgium (neutral)  Britain declares war
Western Front = Northern border of France & Western Germany
Germans are almost to Paris by Sept. 3
1st Battle of the Marne (9/5/1914): Allies attack Germans;
Germans lose 60 miles; ruins Schlieffen Plan, causing war on two fronts!!

17. The Western Front

18. A Multi-Front War

19. Two Opposing Sides
Triple Alliance  Central Powers – Germany & Austria-Hungary (AH)
later joined by Bulgaria and Ottoman Empire
Triple Entente  Allies – Great Britain (GB), France, & Russia
later joined by Japan, Italy, and United States

20. The Fronts Western Front = Northern France and Western Germany
Eastern Front = Eastern German and Western Russia
Mediterranean Front = in the Mediterranean sea and northern Africa

21. Stalemate & Trench Warfare
Trench Warfare – conflict grinds to halt; huge losses for small gains
500 miles of trenches
Extremely small spaces
Mud, corpses, rats, & stench
miles, from North Sea to Switzerland

22. Trench Warfare

23. In the Trenches

24. Trenches

25. “Over the Top” into “No Man’s Land”

26. Total War
Leave space for definition

27. War Is HELL !!

28. Sacrifices in War

29. Krupp’s “Big Bertha” Gun

30. New Technologies of War
Leads to more deaths and stalemate
Machine guns
Larger artillery
Poison gas
Armored tanks
Airplanes
U-boats
Zepplins

31. French Renault Tank

32. British Tank at Ypres

33. Machine Guns
British machine guns fired 8 rounds per second, at a distance of 2,900 yards

34. Artillery Greater power and carried much further
24 million shells were used in the battle of Verdun

35. U-Boats

36. Allied Ships Sunk by U-Boats

37. “Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917
The Airplane
“Squadron Over the Brenta” Max Edler von Poosch, 1917

38. The Flying Aces of World War I
Eddie Rickenbacher, US
Francesco Barraco, It.
Eddie “Mick” Mannoch, Br.
Manfred von Richtoffen, Ger. [The “Red Baron”]
Rene Pauk Fonck, Fr.
Willy Coppens de Holthust, Belg.

39. Curtis-Martin U. S. Aircraft Plant

40. Looking for the “Red Baron?”

41. The Zeppelin

42. Flame Throwers
Grenade Launchers

43. Poison Gas
Machine Gun