1. EXCRETORY SYSTEM

2. What is it? Purpose for excretory system…
Filter blood and waste disposal
Maintain blood osmolarity (water balance)
Maintain blood pH
Rid body system of ammonia NH4+
Metabolism of proteins and nucleic acids produce ammonia which is toxic

4. Structures involved

5. Water regulation and nitrogenous wastes (ammonia, urea, uric acid –all nitrogenous wastes)
Every animal must have a system to regulate water because…homeostasis is vital and osmolarity must be regulated at a cellular level to ensure all above levels are regulated.

6. How have animals adapted to maintain water concentrations in the body but still get rid of nitrogenous waste?
Freshwater fish:
Marine fish:
Amphibians:
Birds:
Reptiles:
Mammals:

7. Focus on the kidney

8. Nephron Functions

9. Nephron Structure

10. Nephron Blood Supply

11. Urine formation

12. Permeable to water but not salt or solutes
Permeable to salt but not water
Permeable to water but not salt or solutes
Active Transport

14. URINARY SYSTEM – ADAM Modules. Glomerular filtration
URINARY SYSTEM – ADAM Modules * Glomerular filtration * Early and late filtrate processing

16. Control - 694-695 ADH Aldosterone ANH
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