1. Abdulla Jassim Abdulla
TOOLS OF TQM
Abdulla Jassim Abdulla

2. Statistical interpretation
INTRODUCTION
Data-Driven Methodology
Data generated by processes
Statistical interpretation
Seasonal variations
New Technology

3. THE ‘SEVEN SIMPLE TOOLS’
Flowcharts
Cause and Effect (Ishikawa / fishbone) Diagrams
Check sheets
Pareto Charts
Histograms
Run Charts and Control Charts
Scatter plots and Correlation Analysis

4. FLOWCHARTS
Remember system theory: (Input, Output, customer supplier and their interactions).
Divide complex processes into simple sub-processes.
A Qualitative tools

5. Patient Transport Process Example
Request made
Log & prioritize request
Dispatch transport
Take patient to X-ray
Doctor determines patient needs X-ray
Information taken & request is logged
Required equipment is found
Transporter arrives on ward
Patient transferred from bed
Ward contacts dispatcher
Request prioritized
Transport is dispatched
Patient taken to X-ray

6. Types of Flowcharts LAYOUT FLOWCHART Example Staff movement
DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS
leave approval process

7. ISHIKAWA DIAGRAMS Also known as Fishbone or Cause-and-Effect Diagrams
Non-quantitative tools (Qualitative)
Sometimes called the 5M Diagram (Men, Machine, Materials, Measurements and methods)

8. ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM

9. CHECKSHEETS Central tool for Quality Assurance programs
Specially useful for operational procedures
Could be derived from the flowchart and fishbone diagrams

10. Example check sheets Patient Transport Problem Sheet
Area: Ward 3b Period: June 1996
Type
Tally
Subtotal
Equipment broken
IIIII 5
Patient not ready
IIIII II 7
Not enough staff
III 3
Patient having another exam etc.
IIIII IIIII II 12