1. A New World Focus Questions:
What were the major patterns of Native American life in North America before Europeans arrived?
What were the motivating factors for European exploration to the New World?
What was the impact of European exploration on the native populations of the New World?
Be able to discuss the impact of the Columbian Exchange on both the New World and Old World populations.

2. Origin of New World inhabitants
●Siberian land bridge

3. Indian cultures before Columbus (Pre-Columbian)
●Earliest cultures
*Paleolithic Age: Hunters and gatherers (12,000-8,000 B.C.)
*Archaic Age: Villagers (8,000-2,000 B.C.)
*Woodland and Agricultural age: Farming cultures (2,000-1,500 B.C.)

4. Central and South American Indian Cultures
*Mayan 2,000b.c.- 900a.d.
*Aztec 1325a.d a.d.
*Inca 1200a.d.-1533a.d.

5. Map 2

6. European discovery of the New World
●Early Norse contacts (945 A.D.) ●Stagnation of discovery

7. The Renaissance 1300’s-1600’s: Age of Exploration
●Revival of Learning
●New Technologies
●Trade Towns
●Nation States

9. Development of the Spanish Empire
●Muslim Control
●Ferdinand and Isabella
●Voyages of Columbus

11. ●Biological (Columbian) Exchange 1. Animals 2. Plants 3. Diseases

12. The Columbian Exchange

13. Diseases: Smallpox

14. Impact of the Protestant Reformation on Europe
●Martin Luther (1517): Ninety-five Theses