1. Life Science OGT
Benchmarks A, B, & D

2. Benchmark A
Living cells are composed of a small number of key chemical elements which include:
Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Living cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things

3. The Cell

4. Living cells come from pre-existing cells after life originated
Living cells are different from viruses
A cell has specialized structures called organelles which include but are not limited to:
Nucleus
Chromosome
Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Cilia
Flagella

6. Parts of the cell

7. Benchmark B
Cellular processes which indicate the characteristics of life include:
Homeostasis
Energy transfers & transformations
Disposal of wastes
Synthesis of new molecules
Cells divide through mitosis and meiosis
Cells are specialized to perform specific functions
Multicellular organisms are formed as highly organized arrangements of differentiated cells

8. Mitosis

9. Benchmark D Cells and organisms acquire and release energy through:
Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Fermentation
Living organisms use matter and energy to synthesize a variety of organic molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids to drive life processes such as growth, reacting to the environment, reproduction and movement

10. Photosynthesis

13. Cellular Respiration