1. Introduction to Security Cooperation Management
26 April 2018

2. Lesson Objectives
Place Security Cooperation (SC) in the context of U.S. Foreign Policy and the National Security Strategy
Define basic SC terms, the overall SC planning process, and the difference between 10 U.S.C. and 22 U.S.C.
Identify key SC laws, legislation, SC focus areas, programs, & organizations

3. SC Introduction, Definitions & Law
Outline
SC Introduction, Definitions & Law
Foreign Policy & the National Security Strategy
SC & the 3 Ds (Defense, Diplomacy, & Development)
Key Legal Guidelines
SC Planning Process: Ends (SC goals), Ways (SC Focus Areas), & Means (SC Programs)

4. Select Security Assistance (SA)/SC Programs & SC Organizations
Outline (2)
SC Focus Areas
Security Sector Assistance (SSA) [Whole of Government/Interagency]
Defense Institution Building (DIB) [Ministry/Department level]
Security Force Assistance (SFA) [Operational/Tactical level]
Select Security Assistance (SA)/SC Programs & SC Organizations

5. SC Introduction, Definitions & Law

6. Security Cooperation Definition
The term “security cooperation programs and activities of the Department of Defense” means any program, activity (including an exercise), or interaction of the Department of Defense with the security establishment of a foreign country to achieve a purpose as follows:
To build and develop allied and friendly security capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations.
To provide the armed forces with access to the foreign country during peacetime or a contingency operation.
To build relationships that promote specific United States security interests.
Title 10, United States Code 301 (10 USC 301) enacted by FY17 NDAA

7. DoD Policy on Security Cooperation
An integral element of the DoD mission and a tool of national security and foreign policy
Plans will be developed in accordance with strategic guidance
Country-specific security cooperation sections will inform the integrated country strategies
Consistent with Presidential Policy Directive 23, implemented through a whole-of-government process
Undertaken through a holistic approach that identifies and addresses capability requirements
DoD will maintain a robust program of assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of security cooperation
DoD personnel will not, without appropriate authorization, make commitments
DoDD , December 2016

8. Security Cooperation is part of the 3Ds Major Aspect of U. S
Security Cooperation is part of the 3Ds Major Aspect of U.S. Foreign Policy
Development
International Armaments Cooperation
Building of Schools/Clinics
Security Cooperation Supports
National Security Interests!
Diplomacy
Alliances
Coalition Partnerships
Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA)
Defense
Interoperability
Foreign Military Sales (FMS)
Exercises

9. Key SC Legislation Legislative Authorities
DoS, 22 U.S.C.: Arms Export Control Act, AECA (22 U.S.C., ) and Foreign Assistance Act, FAA (22 U.S.C., )
DoD, 10 U.S.C.: National Defense Authorization Act (FY 2017, NDAA, P.L )
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018
Division C--Department Of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018
Division K--Department Of State, Foreign Operations, And Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2018
Title VIII--Overseas Contingency Operations/Global War on Terrorism

10. Key SC Regulations Regulations
International Traffic in Arms Regulations (ITAR) [22 CFR ]
Security Assistance Management Manual (SAMM) [DSCA M]

11. SC Planning

12. Full-Spectrum Capability

13. SC Planning Process, The Macro Level
Specific
SC Goals
Dos/USAID JSP
GEF
Ends
CCMD TCP
ICS
SC Focus
Areas
SSA
Ways
DIB
SFA
333
Various
SC Programs
Means
IMET
Exercises
FMS
DoS/USAID JSP = Department of State/USAID Joint Strategic Plan; GEF = Guidance for Employment of the Force;
CCMD TCP = CCMD Theater Campaign Plan; ICS = Integrated Country Strategy
333 = Building Partner Capacity of Foreign Militaries; IMET = International Military Education and Training
Chapter 1

14. Full-Spectrum Capability Vision and Military Ends/Ways/Means
FMF/FMS
CTFP
IMET
EDA
333
ALP
322
341/SPP
Activities all interrelated
Ends
Ways
Means

15. SC Goals (Ends) – A Select Sampling
DoS/USAID
Joint Strategic Plan
Chapter 19

16. SC Focus Areas (Ways)

17. Security Sector Assistance (SSA)
SSA is a term used by the international community, Administration, and Department of State (DoS) referring to reform efforts directed at all the institutions, processes, and forces that provide security and promote the rule of law
Whole of Government Approach with Partner Nations
Interagency effort within U.S. Government; not just DoD and DoS
Presidential Policy Directive 23 (PPD-23)

18. Defense Institution Building (DIB)
Codified into permanent U.S. law under Section 332, 10 U.S.C. the program that allows SMEs, civilian advisors, and other expertise in helping a respective country’s MoDs and/or various security agencies institution building
Programs, structures, and processes used to develop effective, efficient, and accountable partner defense establishments, including defense ministries, joint and general staffs and commands, and the supporting institutions of the armed forces
A top down approach
DoD Directive & Section 332, 10 U.S.C.

19. Security Force Assistance (SFA)
SFA activities are primarily used to assist the Partner Nation (PN) in defending against internal and transnational threats to stability
Supporting Foreign Internal Defense (FID)
Counterterrorism (C/T)
Counterinsurgency (COIN)
Stability operations
Typically implemented at the operational/tactical level
Not just Ministry of Defense
Joint Doctrine Note 1-13

20. Select SC Programs & SC Organizations

21. Security Cooperation DoD DoS
SC Programs
DoD
[10 U.S.C.]
SA Programs
DoS
[22 U.S.C.]
FMS
FMFP
IMET
EDA
Leases
DCS
Exercises
ESF
333
INCLE
342, RCSS
NADR
HA/HMA
PKO
IAC
DCS = Direct Commercial Sales
ESF = Economic Support Fund
INCLE = International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement
NADR = Nonproliferation, Anti-Terrorism,
Demining, and Related Programs
PKO = Peacekeeping Operations
333 – Foreign Security Forces: Authority to Build Capacity
RCSS –Regional Centers for Security Studies
HA/HMA = Humanitarian Assistance/
Humanitarian Mine Action
IAC = International Armaments Cooperation
FMS = Foreign Military Sales
FMFP = Foreign Military Financing Program
IMET = International Military Education and Training
EDA = Excess Defense Articles

22. Security Assistance (SA)
Economic & military assistance to partner nations under State Department authority
Supports USG foreign policy and national security objectives
Deliverables: Can include defense articles, services, and training
Terms of Transfer: Sale, grant, loan, or lease
Chapter 1

23. Major Security Assistance Programs
Administered
by DoD
Foreign Military Sales (FMS)
Foreign Military Financing Program (FMFP)
International Military Education and Training (IMET)
Excess Defense Articles (EDA)
Leases of Equipment
Administered
by DoS
Direct Commercial Sales (DCS)
Economic Support Fund (ESF)
International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE)
Nonproliferation, Antiterrorism, Demining, and Related Programs (NADR)
Peacekeeping Operations (PKO)

24. Examples of Select SC Programs
§ Exchange of defense personnel between United States and friendly foreign countries: authority
§ Training with friendly foreign countries: payment of training and exercise expenses
§ Friendly foreign countries: authority to provide support for conduct of operations
§ Foreign security forces: authority to build capacity
§ Regional Centers for Security Studies
Chapter 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

25. Some Key SC Organizational Terms
SC Enterprise (SCE): The network of entities engaged in any element of SC programs, either as providers or beneficiaries. This includes U.S. government (USG) agencies, Congress, foreign partners, and industry
SC Community: A subset of USG executive branch entities within the SCE directly responsible for managing or executing SC programs or the policies that affect them
SC Workforce: Employees of USG agencies with the SC community 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

26. Key USG SC Organizations
President
Congress
Senate Foreign Relations Committee (SFRC)
House Foreign Affairs Committee (HFAC)
Senate Armed Services Committee (SASC)
House Armed Services Committee (HASC)
Senate Appropriations Committee (SAC)
House Appropriations Committee (HAC)
Congressional Budget Office (CBO)
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
National Security Council (NSC)
Secretary of Defense
Secretary of State
Chapter 3

27. Department of State (DoS) SC Responsibilities
General direction of foreign assistance
Program determination by country
Integration of programs to support U.S. national objectives
Chapter 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

28. Organizations Department of State
President of the
United States
Secretary of State
Administrator, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)
Chief, U.S. Diplomatic Mission
Under Secretary for Political Affairs (P)
Director,
U.S. Foreign Assistance (F)
Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security Affairs (T)
Africa
South - Central Asia
Senior Defense Official/Defense Attaché (SDO/DATT)
Europe -
Eurasia
West Hemi
Assistant Secretary for Political-Military Affairs (PM)
East Asia - Pacific
Near East
Office of Regional Security and Arms Transfers (RSAT)
Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC)
Int’l Orgs
Security Cooperation Organization (SCO)
Defense Attaché Office (DAO)
Office of Security Assistance (SA)
Office of Congressional & Public Affairs (CPA)
Chapter 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

29. Department of Defense (DoD) SC Responsibilities
Direction and Funding of DoD SC Programs
Program planning and execution
Procurement of equipment/services
Transportation of military articles
Conduct of military training
Chapter 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

30. Organizations Department of Defense
President of the
United States
Secretary of Defense
Department of the Army
Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition & Sustainment (USD(A&S))
Under Secretary of Defense for Research & Engineering (USD(R&E))
Under Secretary of Defense for Policy (USD(P))
Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff
The Joint Staff
Geographic Combatant Commanders (GCCs)
Department of the Navy
Department of the
Air Force
Senior Defense Official/Defense Attaché (SDO/DATT)
Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA)
Director, International Cooperation
Security Cooperation Organization (SCO)
Defense Attaché Office (DAO)
Chapter 3

31. DSCA Mission, Vision, Values (1)
DSCA’s mission is to advance U.S. national security and foreign policy interests by building the capacity of foreign security forces to respond to shared challenges. DSCA leads the broader U.S. security cooperation enterprise in its efforts to train, educate, advise, and equip foreign partners.
DSCA’s vision is to deliver effective, enduring, and timely partner capabilities that advance U.S. national security and foreign policy interests.

32. DSCA Mission, Vision, Values (2)
DSCA incorporates our values into every aspect of performing our mission and planning for the future. These values are:
Demonstrating the utmost commitment to achieving our mission.
Maintaining the integrity of our business practices by pursuing a deliberate, accountable approach.
Prioritizing responsiveness to our stakeholders’ needs.
Maintaining transparency with our stakeholders through communication and information sharing.
Maximizing results through collaboration.
Encouraging innovation to improve how we do business and tackle new challenges.
Prioritizing investment in the workforce.
Promoting the empowerment of our teammates to take action to achieve our goals.

33. Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) SC/SA Responsibilities
Oversee execution of assigned SC programs
Coordinate SC programs with other agencies
Direct, administer, and provide execution guidance for SFA programs assigned
Develop and promulgate the SAMM
Manage DoD overseas humanitarian assistance programs
Supervise Enterprise Application Development and Support Division (EADSD), Defense Institute of International Legal Studies (DIILS), and DISCS
Chapter 3

34. Organizations Military Services SC Responsibilities
Develop and implement SC policy in support of SecDef, OSD, and CCMDs
Coordinate technology transfer decisions
Provide defense articles, services, and training to partner nations
Participate in international armaments cooperation
Provide resources to the SC community
Chapter 3

35. Combatant Commands (CCMD) SC Responsibilities
Develop theater strategies and campaign plans
Develop and coordinate all AOR SC programs
Command, supervise, and support assigned SCOs
Recommend SC programs to SecDef, the Joint Staff, and MilSvcs
Chapter 4

36. Geographic Combatant Commander (CCMD) AORs
Chapter 4

37. Organizations Security Cooperation Office (SCO)
SCO serves as the link between the partner nation, the USG, and defense contractors
SCO may also be known as ODC, JUSMAG, OMC, MILGP, USMTM, OSC, etc.
Senior Defense Official/Defense Attaché leads both the Security Cooperation Office (SCO) and Defense Attaché Office (DAO)
PARTNER NATION
U.S.
SCO
Chapter 4

38. Introduction to Security Cooperation Management
26 April 2018