1. JEFFERSON ALTERS THE NATION’S COURSE
U.S. HISTORY
CHAPTER 6-3
JEFFERSON ALTERS THE NATION’S COURSE

2. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1800
The election of 1800 was a bitter race between Federalist John Adams and Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson

3. http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/archive/resources/maps/ch08_map03.htm (06/20/05)

4. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1800
Jefferson received 8 more electoral votes than Adams
Electors, however, voted for both a presidential candidate and a V.P.
This meant Aaron Burr, Jefferson’s running mate, received the same number of votes as Jefferson

5. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1800
The House of Representatives voted a total of 34 times, with the same result
Finally, Alexander Hamilton convinced some federalist electors to vote for Jefferson, making him President
The election of 1800 was important as it showed that the U.S. could transfer power peacefully, unlike many governments in Europe

6. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1800
The election of 1800 also revealed a flaw in the Constitution
It was solved by passage of the 12th Amendment, which has electors cast separate ballots for President and V.P.

7. THE JEFFERSON PRESIDENCY
Jefferson believed in a decentralized government
He therefore:
Reduced the size of the federal government
Eliminated internal taxes
Reduced the influence of the National Bank

8. THE JEFFERSON PRESIDENCY
He advocated free trade, rather than government controlled trade and tariffs
Jefferson advocated a “hands-off” policy called laissez-faire
The idea that the government should play a limited role to restrain people from injuring each other

9. JEFFERSON AND GOVERNMENT
Jefferson was the first President to be inaugurated in the new capital of Washington, D.C.
The capital, like Jefferson, reflected the growing importance of the South in politics

10. THE SUPREME COURT
President Adams had appointed John Marshall as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
The decisions handed down during his 30 years on the bench strengthened the power of the Supreme Court and federal government
Adams had signed the Judicial Act of 1801 just before he left office
It increased the number of Federal Judges

11. THE SUPREME COURT He then appointed federalists to these positions
These judges were appointed just before he left office and were called “midnight judges”
When Jefferson took office as President, he did not deliver the appointment papers
He argued the appointments were invalid

12. MARBURY VS. MADISON
William Marbury, one of the midnight judges, sued Secretary of State James Madison
He claimed the Judiciary Act of 1789 required the Supreme Court to order the papers be delivered

13. MARBURY VS. MADISON
Marbury lost his case, as the Supreme Court ruled the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional
This affirmed the principal of Judicial Review
This means the Supreme Court has the ability to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional

14. THE U.S. EXPANDS WEST
During Jefferson’s presidency Americans continued to move westward
The Cumberland Gap is a natural passage through the Appalachians, where Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia meet
(05/10/03)

15. THE U.S. EXPANDS WEST
Daniel Boone had helped to clear the Wilderness Road from Virginia through the Cumberland Gap into Kentucky
It became one of the major routes westward
(05/10/03)

16. INSTRUCTIONS Make sure you are not tardy
This means having your materials out and being in your seat ready to go when the bell rings
Materials to start class today are your 6-3 notes

17. LOUISIANA PURCHASE
In 1800, Spain handed Louisiana, including New Orleans, back to France
Jefferson was fearful the French might close New Orleans to American trade
Needing funds, Napoleon decided to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States in 1803
He sold it for $15 million
The Senate ratified the Treaty, doubling the size of the United States
(06/20/05)

18. INSTRUCTIONS
For today only, sit at the desk where your work has been placed
We will be working in groups I have assigned later in class
Get out the Ch 6-3 notes we did not finish on Lewis and Clark

19. LOUISIANA PURCHASE
As little was known about the territory west of the Mississippi, Jefferson sent an expedition (Journey with a specific purpose) called the Corps of Discovery
The Corps was to collect information about plants, animals and the Native American tribes on the trip from St. Louis to the Pacific Ocean

20. The Corps was led by two Army officers, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark
(06/20/05)

21. The expedition started off with 50 members, and later added a Native American woman as an interpreter, Sacajawea, a Shoshone women
Leaving St. Louis in May 1804, the trip took two years and four months
They added to the knowledge of the new area and helped lay claim to the Oregon Territory

22. MISSOURI RIVER

23. http://www. nationalgeographic
(09/19/05)

24. MISSOURI RIVER
(09/19/05)

25. FLOYD’S BLUFF http://www.ucds.org/LCWeb/floydbluff (09/19/05)
(09/19/05)

26. FORT MANDAN
(09/19/05)

27. http://www. nationalgeographic
(09/19/05)

28. WHITE CLIFFS
(09/19/05)

29. GREAT FALLS
(09/19/05)
(09/19/05)

30. BEAVERHEAD ROCK
(09/19/05)

31. BITTERROOT MOUNTAINS
(09/15/09)

32. COLUMBIA RIVER
(09/19/09)

33. (09/19/05)

34. MOUTH OF THE COLUMBIA
(09/19/05)

35. THE PIKE EXPEDITION
In 1805, Zebulon Pike was given a similar mission to the Corps of Discover
He mapped the upper Mississippi River in 1805
(06/20/05)

36. THE PIKE EXPEDITION In 1806, he also explored the Arkansas River
He then traveled to Colorado, where he charted the mountain now known as Pikes Peak
(06/20/05)