1. Genetics Vocabulary
Homozygous: The term for having 2 of the same alleles for a trait
Heterozygous: The term for having 2 different alleles for a trait
Nucleotide: The building block of DNA
Chromosome: The X like structure in which DNA is organized
46: The complete number of chromosomes you have
23: The number of chromosomal pairs you have

2. Genetics Vocabulary A: The symbol for Adenine
T: The symbol for Thymine
G: The symbol for Guanine
C: The symbol for Cytosine
MM: The genotype for someone who is homozygous dominant
mm: The genotype for someone who is homozygous recessive
Mm: The genotype for someone who is heterozygous

3. Genetics Vocabulary
Gene: A segment of DNA that codes for a trait
Genotype: The set of alleles a person has for a trait
Phenotype: An organisms physical appearance
Allele: The different forms of a gene
Trait: A genetically determined characteristic
Dominant: A trait that is observed if only one allele is present
Recessive: A trait that is observed only if both copies of the allele are present
DNA: A double helix of genetic information
Punnett Square: A puzzle used to predict the probability o inheriting a trait.

4. Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems
#1:
Write an original definition for genotype and
phenotype.

5. Genotype: The genetic makeup (code) of individuals Phenotype: the outward (physical) appearance of our genotype (traits)

6. Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems
#2 Some wild roses produce bigger flowers than other wild roses do. How could people use the genetic variation in wild roses to create roses that produce large flowers?

7. People could use the roses that were heterozygous for the large trait
People could use the roses that were heterozygous for the large trait. When crossing these with other heterozygous plants the results would be 75% of the flowers would have the large trait, while 25% would have the small trait.

8. Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems
#3 What is the unknown genotype of the punnett square below?
? ? T t TT TT Tt Tt

9. The unknown genotype is TT

10. Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems#4
If T represents the allele for tall pea plants and t represents the allele for small pea plants, what is the phenotype of each offspring? TT TT Tt Tt

11. The offspring: TT – Tall pea plant Tt – Tall pea plant

12. Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems
#5 If two parents (TT and Tt) were allowed to fertilize, what are the possible genotypes and phenotypes of the next generation?

13. The genotypes are: TT and Tf The phenotype is: Tall

14. #6Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems Classify the following as either sexual or asexual reproduction. a) a small piece of cactus breaks off the plant, falls to the ground, and begins to grow b) Pollen from a male poplar tree fertilizes sex cells on a female poplar tree c) Two earthworms each produce sperm and eggs and fertilize each other d) a flatworm is cut in half and grows into two flatworms

15. Asexual
Sexual

16. #7 Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems DNA is found in the _____(part of the cell)____. The nucleotide bases Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, and Cytosine, pair together. What would pair with the following code: A T G T C A T G C T A C G T A C T G

17. DNA is found in the nucleus A T G T C A T G C T A C G T A C T G C A C A G T A C G A T G C A T G A C

18. Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems#8
The allele that overpowers the other
Match the word with the correct definition:
The allele that is not as commonly shown
Heterozygous
Different
Homozygous
Same
Dominant
Recessive

19. Heterozygous (c) Homozygous (d) Dominant (a) Recessive (b)

20. #9: Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems Create an example of each type of genotype using the following letters G and g. Heterozygous example _________________ Homozygous example __________________

21. Heterozygous example: Gg Homozygous example: either GG or gg

22. #10: Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems Create an example of each type of genotype using the following letters G and g. Dominant example _________________ Recessive example __________________

23. Dominant Example: either GG or Gg Recessive example: gg

24. #11 Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems Match the following words by connecting them with lines. Asexual reproduction Identical genes Sexual reproduction Genetic material different Genetic material mixture from parents

25. Asexual: Identical genes Sexual: Genetic material different; Genetic material mixture from parents

26. #12 Relay Race Genetics Practice Problems How can two siblings have different traits? For example, how can one child have brown hair and their sibling have black hair? Explain your answer. You can use visuals to help you.

27. At least one of the parents must be heterozygous. For example