1. Professor Antonio Gabaldón
HIGHER TECHNICAL SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CARTAGENA
RATIONAL USE OF ENERGY IN AN UNIVERSITY BUILDING THROUGH EFFICIENT LIGHTING: THE E.C. GREENLIGHT PROGRAM IN THE OLD NAVY HOSPITAL OF CARTAGENA (SPAIN)
Professor Antonio Gabaldón

2. CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION
2. END-USE EFFICIENCY, ENVIRONMENT & DEREGULATION
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE LIGHTING SYSTEM
4. ELECTRICAL DEMAND PREDICTED & EXPECTED: END-USE IDENTIFICATION
5. IMPACT OF ENERGY-EFFICIENCY PROJECT
6. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
7. CONCLUSIONS
8. REFERENCES
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

3. CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution
1. INTRODUCTION
 UNIVERSITY OF CARTAGENA (UPCT) WANTS TO REDUCE ENERGY COSTS DURING NEXT 4 YEARS (PLAN 2002 TO 2006)
 UPCT WANTS TO VALIDATE THE FEASIBILITY & COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT POLICIES
 RATIONAL USE OF ENERGY: HVAC & LIGHTING
 THIS PAPER FOCUSES IN LIGHTING END-USE
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

4. 2. END-USE EFFICIENCY, ENVIRONMENT & DEREGULATION
 ADVANTAGE:
CONSIDERABLE POTENTIAL FOR IMPROVING THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY
 DISADVANTAGES:
A CUSTOMER ATTENDS TO THE ENERGY BILL (ALWAYS)
AN ELECTRICITY COST DECREASE (DUE TO THE COMPETITION IN DEREGULATED E&G MARKETS)  THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENTS HAVE BECOME LESS PROFITABLE
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

5. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE LIGHTING SYSTEM
 BUILDING:
35,000 m2 (classrooms, departmental offices & laboratories)
It is not so good for energy efficiency standards: HVAC & Lighting
HVAC:
COP 
No enough insulation
No cool/heat storage availability
LIGHTING:
Magnetic ballasts
Fluorescent & halogen lamps
It has an own distribution transformer center (2x1,250 KVA / 20 KV)
Energy demand (year 2001): 1,600 MWh
Power peak (summer year 2001): 1 MW
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

6. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE LIGHTING SYSTEM
 PROJECT & GREENLIGHT OBJECTIVES:
To improve the quality of lighting
To improve energy and O&M expenses of our University
To contribute to reduce greenhouse gases & pollutant compounds (VOC)
To contribute to reduce EU dependence on external energy sources
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

7. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE LIGHTING SYSTEM
 EXAMPLES OF ACTUAL LIGHTING SYSTEM
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

8. 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE LIGHTING SYSTEM
 EXAMPLES OF ACTUAL LIGHTING SYSTEM
Classrooms & computer classroms:
System based on 3 lamps luminaire (58 W, 26 mm single phosphor lamp plus magnetic ballast)
Problems:
Technology of lamps & ballasts
Lighting axle
Deficient switching circuit
Others: bad design of the classrooms
Underground classrooms:
System based on W High Intensity Discharge lamps -metal halide- with magnetic ballast
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

9. 4. ELECTRICAL DEMAND PREDICTED & EXPECTED: END-USE IDENTIFICATION
 3 changes are being achieved:
fluorescent lamp upgrading
from monophosphor lamp to triphosphor lamp
ballast upgrading
from 72 W magnetic ballast to 54 W electronic ballast
hall lamp upgrading
from 75 W halogen lamp to CFL 23 W lamp
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

10. 4. ELECTRICAL DEMAND PREDICTED & EXPECTED: END-USE IDENTIFICATION
 ENERGY SAVINGS FORECAST:
to evaluate the annual demand of energy:
Classroom : 10 hours/day (from 9h to 14h and from 16h to 21h)
Secretary, library,…: 12 hours/day (from 8h30 to 20h30)
Professor offices: 10 hours/day (from 9 to 14h and from 16h to 21h)
External and hall lighting: an average of 4h/day
Days per month: 22 days/month
Months/year: 11 months
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

11. 4. ELECTRICAL DEMAND PREDICTED & EXPECTED: END-USE IDENTIFICATION
 ENERGY SAVINGS FORECAST (ii):
Table II shows the power & the energy saving for the upgraded area:
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

12. 4. ELECTRICAL DEMAND PREDICTED & EXPECTED: END-USE IDENTIFICATION
 LIGHTING COSTS
EQUIPMENT (UNITARY COSTS)
TARIFFS
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

13. 4. ELECTRICAL DEMAND PREDICTED & EXPECTED: END-USE IDENTIFICATION
 LIGHTING COSTS
SIMPLE PAYBACK (SPB)
FE = P(400tc1+ 440tc2+ 400tc3+ 440tc4+ 660tc5) (Fluorescent lighting)
FE = P(176tc1+ 176tc2+ 354tc4+ 264tc5) (Building halls)
SPB=IC/FYS
FE: Energy cost
P: Rated power of each lighting use
tci: Energy price in the i-period
SPB: Simple Payback
IC: Installed cost
FYS: First Year Savings
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

14. 5. IMPACTS OF ENERGY-EFFICIENCY PROJECT
 SAVINGS IN HVAC SYSTEMS DEMAND
It is used in summer
It is used a PBLM Methodology (Conference Room)
It is used the HVAC appliance (1,300 W & COP=2.8)
Example (Dwelling temperature & DC of HVAC load behavior before & after lighting upgrading)
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

15. 5. IMPACTS OF ENERGY-EFFICIENCY PROJECT
 QUALITY OF SUPPLY (The major tasks involved are as follows)
To develop measurements on the secondary circuits (PB-5 & P1-7 classrooms)
To identify the loads that are particulary susceptibles to power quality
To evaluate potential measures to mitigate the EMC problems
The first item is being developed using:
An Acquisition Card System (ACS) plus specifical SW
A digital oscilloscope
A Fluke Harmonic meter
The other ones are being performed
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

16. CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution
6. FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
2 CLASSROOMS ARE BEING EQUIPPED WITH SOME ENERGY CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES:
Some Occupancy sensors
A dimming system combined with photocells
An Energy Management System (at the UPCT transformer)
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

17. CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution
7. CONCLUSIONS
ADVANTAGES:
The simulation & field results show the interest of lighting retrofit technologies
To take advantage of existing equipment (luminaries) to reduce project expenses
To take into account the interesting impact on HVAC demand
DISADVANTAGE:
The SPB is not so good as stated by the lighting industry & technical reports
11/24/2018
CIRED 17th International Conference on Electricity Distribution

18. Professor Antonio Gabaldón
HIGHER TECHNICAL SCHOOL OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF CARTAGENA
RATIONAL USE OF ENERGY IN AN UNIVERSITY BUILDING THROUGH EFFICIENT LIGHTING: THE E.C. GREENLIGHT PROGRAM IN THE OLD NAVY HOSPITAL OF CARTAGENA (SPAIN)
Professor Antonio Gabaldón